Anatomical structure of teeth Flashcards
Give examples (names) of teeth that have all the characteristics of Mühlreiter and describe their anatomical structure.
Example: Canines (3 Anatomy of upper and …)(1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Structure:
Angle feature: The mesial incisal edge is sharper than the distal edge.
Root feature: The root apex curves distally toward the crown.
Crown convexity: The labial surface is more convex mesially and flatter distally.
Crown Shape: Wedge-shaped with a pentagonal labial surface.
Labial Ridge: Divides the labial surface into mesial (convex) and distal (flat) parts.
Root: Long, strong, and flattened in the mesiodistal direction with grooves.
Give an example of a tooth that does not have any of the features of Mühlreiter and describe its anatomical structure.
Example: Lower central incisor (1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Structure:
Symmetrical crown and root with no distinct mesial or distal curvatures.
Single, straight root.
Narrow crown with a straight incisal edge.
What is the cause of the flat shape of the roots of single- and multi-root teeth?
Answer:
The limited span of the dental arch and the presence of alveolar septa reduce the mesiodistal dimension of roots. Flattened roots increase surface area for periodontal ligament attachment and enhance stability (5 Anatomy of upper and …)(1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Specify the location of the grooves running along the long axis of the roots (on which walls are they located). Describe their function and what their presence can lead to.
Location: Found on the mesial and distal walls (5 Anatomy of upper and …)(3 Anatomy of upper and …).
Function: Increase attachment area for periodontal ligaments, improving stability.
Effects: Grooves may lead to root bifurcation or canal division into labial and lingual parts.
Give examples of teeth that have roots with an almost circular cross-section. Describe one of these teeth.
Example: Upper first premolars (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Structure:
Two roots, rounded or oval in cross-section.
Prominent buccal cusp, with a slightly convex crown.
Name the teeth that show the greatest variability. Describe one of them.
Example: Upper third molars (wisdom teeth) (5 Anatomy of upper and …)(1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Structure:
May have 2–8 cusps and a highly variable crown shape.
Roots are often fused and irregular
What does tooth variability correlate with? Give examples of teeth that are most atrophic. Describe one of them.
Answer: Variability correlates with phylogenetic atrophy (1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Example: Upper lateral incisors.
Structure: Smaller or absent in some individuals.
What is molarization? Describe the tooth in which this process can occur.
Answer: Molarization is the development of molar-like features, such as additional cusps, in premolars (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Example: Lower second premolars.
Which tooth is the smallest in the incisor group? Describe its structure.
Answer: Lower central incisor (1 Anatomy of the teeth …).
Structure:
Narrow crown, single straight root.
Small incisal edge with limited variability.
What causes the characteristic anatomical structure of the upper canine? Describe its structure.
Answer: Positioned on the largest convexity of the dental arch, the upper canine is adapted for lateral chewing forces (3 Anatomy of upper and …).
Structure:
Long root, prominent labial ridge, and pointed cusp.
Wedge-shaped crown with strong labiolingual dimensions.
Give a description of the lower canine and explain why its root may show division.
Answer:
Slimmer than the upper canine, with a less developed crown (3 Anatomy of upper and …).
Grooves along the root axis can lead to division into two canals or bifurcation at the apex.
Which premolar is usually a two-rooted tooth? Describe its structure.
Answer: Upper first premolar (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Structure:
Two roots (buccal and lingual).
Prominent buccal cusp and symmetrical crown.
What causes the lingual inclination of the crowns (buccal surfaces) of the lower premolars?
Answer: Adaptation to occlusal forces and alignment within the dental arch (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Answer: Adaptation to occlusal forces and alignment within the dental arch (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Describe the differences between the upper first and second premolars.
First premolar: Two roots, larger and sharper cusps (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Second premolar: Single root, less pronounced cusps.
Describe the differences between the lower first and second premolars.
First premolar: Triangular crown, small lingual cusp (4 Anatomy of upper and …).
Second premolar: Square crown, larger lingual cusp
