Anatomic Dysfunctions of Voiding

Question 1

Storage symptoms

Answer 1

Frequency
Urgency
Urge incontinence
Nocturia
Dysuria

Question 2

Emptying symptoms

Answer 2

Weak stream
Intermittency
Straining
Sense of incomplete emptying

Question 3

4 things that can cause increased urine production

Answer 3

Diabetes
Diuretics
Pedal edema mobilization (CHF)
OSA

Question 4

How does OSA cause increased urination

Answer 4

Increased airway resistance
Hypoxia
Pulmonary vasoconstriction
Increased RA pressure
Causes increased ANP
Results in Na and H2O excretion

Question 5

3 things to do when someone presents with lower urinary tract symptoms

Answer 5

History
Focused P/E
UA

Question 6

PSA

Answer 6

Peptidase secreted by epithelial cells of prostate
Liquefies seminal coagulum and may liquefy cervical mucus
Made by both healthy and cancerous prostate cancer
Often elevated in the presence of prostate cancer

Question 7

What is BPH

Answer 7

Proliferation of epithelial and smooth muscle cells
Within transition zone of prostate
Changes may lead to outlet obstruction

Question 8

Types of meds for BPH

Answer 8

Alpha blockers
5-alpha reductase inhibitors
Combination therapy
PDE-5 inhibitors

Question 9

Indications for surgical therapy

Answer 9

> 80 cc
Urethral stricture
Hip contractures
Need for concomitant bladder surgery (diverticulum, big stones)