Anatomia Flashcards
What is the significance of the iliolumbar vein?
The iliolumbar vein is a branch of the iliac vein that limits mobilization of the iliac vessels off the anterior aspect
of the spine (Fig. 3.8). This vein should be carefully isolated and securely ligated before attempting mobilization
of the vascular structures to expose the anterior aspect of the spine at the L4–L5 disc level.
What is the superficial abdominal reflex? What does it signify?
The superficial abdominal reflex is an upper motor neuron reflex.
The umbilicus should move toward the quadrant that was stroked. The reflex should be
symmetric from side to side.
Asymmetry suggests intraspinal pathology (upper motor neuron lesion) and is
assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine
Beevor sign.
geralmente relacionado a lesao inferior a T10.
é um movimento umbilical anormal para a regiao cefálica.
há uma fraqueza na porção inferior do reto abdominal.
What are Waddell signs
Waddell described five categories of tests that are useful in evaluating patients with low back pain.
These signs
do not prove malingering but are useful to highlight the potential contribution of psychologic and/or socioeconomic
factors to spinal symptoms.
Superficial tenderness:Nonorganic tenderness with light touch over a wide lumbar area, or deeper tenderness
in a nonanatomic distribution
Simulation: Maneuvers that should not be uncomfortable are performed
Distraction: The examiner performs a provocative test in the usual manner and rechecks the test when the
patient is distracted
Regionalization: Presence of findings that diverge from accepted neuroanatomy
Overreaction: Disproportionate response to examination may take many forms such as collapsing, inappropriate
facial expression, excessive verbalization
como é testada a força motora das raizes torácicas
Motor
function is assessed by having the patient perform a partial sit-up and checking for asymmetry in the segmentally
innervated rectus abdominis muscle
How is scoliosis stratified according to patient age
Early onset scoliosis
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Adult scoliosis
Early onset scoliosis:
onset before age 10, regardless of etiology
represents a heterogenous population consisting of patients with congenital, neuromuscular,
syndromic, and idiopathic deformities.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:
onset from age 10 through adulthood
Adult scoliosis
two major types: adult idiopathic scoliosis (idiopathic scoliosis in an adult which began during
childhood) and adult de novo or degenerative scoliosis (onset of new scoliosis in adulthood due to degenerative
changes occurring in the spinal column).
