Anaphylaxis

Question 1

What is anaphylaxis

Answer 1

any acute onset of hypotension or bronchospasm or upper air way obstruction where anaphylaxis is considered possible even if typical skin features are not present

OR acute onset of illness with typical skin features plus involvement of resp, CVS or persistent severe GI symptoms

Question 2

Mild to mod allergic reaction signs

Answer 2

swelling of lip face eyes,
mouth tingling
abdo pain, N&V
urticaria, itching and welts

Question 3

Anaphylaxis symptoms

Answer 3

chest tightness
decreased mental state
subjective airway swelling or impairment (swollen tongue, laryngeal oedema, stridor)
swelling/ tightness in throat
difficult/ noisy breathing
difficulty talking/ hoarse voice
wheeze or persistent cough
hypotension
pale and floppy

Question 4

positioning of pt with anaphylaxis

Answer 4

laid flat or semi recumbent, lateral to allow for adequate drainage of secretions
No standing or walking
Infants are laid horizontally or held

Question 5

Medication for anaphylaxis

Answer 5

Adrenaline 0.5 mg in 0.5 ml IM rpt 5 minutely
10mcg/kg in peads

Salbutamol 1-2 amps (5-10 mg in 2.5-5ml) nebulised

IVT to treat hypotension

Question 6

Non medical treatment for anaphylaxis

Answer 6

Remove trigger!
cardiac monitor
vascular access
p1 to hospital if time critical