Anaphalaxis Flashcards
How should a suspoected anaphalactic shock be managed?
1) Cease dental treatment
2) Remove allergy or administration of allergen
3) Assess severity of reaction
4) Call 000
5) IM injection of adrenaline 300mg into anterolateral thigh (150mmg for kids)
6) Lay patient flat
7) Give high flow oxygen
8) Prepare to give CPR
9) Repeat adrenaline every 3-5 minutes until response or assisstance arrives
10) Patient should go to emergency department
What are the signs and symptoms of an anaphalactic shock?
1) Red urticarial rash
2) Oedema which may obstruct airrways
3) Hypotension due to reduced peripheral resistance
4) Hypovolaemia - movemment of fluid out of circulation into tissues
5) Small airways obstruuction caused by oedema and bronchospasms
Why does adrenaline work?
Adrenaline is an adrenergic agonist and has both alpha and beta receptor activity.
Alpha receptor mediated action on arterioles causes vasoconstriction and thus reverses oedema.
Beta receptor mediated action increases (1) cardiac output by inccreasing force of contraction and heart rate and (2) bronchodilation.
It also suppreses mast cell degranulation.
What are the steps for basic life support?
1) Dangers
2) Responsive
3) Send for help
4) Open Airway
5) Breathing normal?
6) CPR (30 compressions and 2 breaths)
7) Defibrillator
CPR continued until normal breathing returns
