Analyzing an Ethical Problem Flashcards
What does FISH SEDER stand for?
Facts, Issues, Stake Holders, Harms,
Solutions, Evaluation, Decision, Explain, Reflect
What is part one of FISH SEDER
Data Collection
What is part two of FISH SEDER
Analysis of Data
our ethical behavior is constrained by cognitive, psychological, emotional, and environmental limits that impede our ability to act rationally.
Boundedly ethical
cognitive biases and shortcuts
heuristics
series of behaviors, actions, and consequences that become routine or expected in a particular situation or environment.
scripts
what is framing?
Framing a problem or decision according to one particular dimension can lead individuals to ignore other important dimensions or values
what bias of ethical fading is known as the “slippery slope?”
incrementalism
what is justifying unethical behavior
self-deception
what is self-serving bias?
to blame external factors for our behavior as opposed to internal factors
what is locus of control?
how one views their relationship with their environment
Often associated with children, at this level a person tends to focus on ethics only to the extent that it impacts their immediate pleasure or happiness.
Pre-conventional level
which stage of the pre-conventional level is a person makes ethical choices solely to avoid punishment
stage 1
which stage focuses not only on the punishment that will result, but also looks to the rewards a person receives
stage 2
most adolescents and adults achieve. At this level, a person internalizes moral issues and can think about ethics more abstractly
Conventional Level
which stage does a person look to their immediate family and friend group for acceptance and validation
stage 3
which stage is when a person sees beyond their immediate peer group and look to the broader rules of society and understand that these rules are beneficial
stage 4
characterized by those who don’t just follow the laws in place, but in some cases supersede the law, often creating new paradigms of ethical decision making
Post-Conventional Level
which stage represents those people who understand that laws play a role in society but are willing to break the law if it is seen as morally lacking or wrong
stage 5
which stage describes a person would no longer be concerned with current systems of rules but would instead seek to change the paradigms of ethical understanding to create whole new types of universal ethics for all people
stage 6
occurs when a person is confronted with something that does not fit into or coincide with their previously held understanding of the world
Cognitive dissonance
who was Kohlberg?
came up with the 3 levels of moral development
who was Carol Gilligan
argues that ethics are not solely a function of justice. Instead, she contends the narrative should be about relationships and community.
The theory explains that people will use six different mechanisms to disengage their internal morality so that they can justify and assuage their guilt
Selective moral disengagement
means of making their conduct seem less blameworthy… military action or warfare, moral justification relies on justifying violent and often atrocious behavior behind the veil of working toward some higher or more noble good.
Moral Justification
the language that makes harmful conduct respectable and reduces personal responsibility for it
euphemistic language
when a person compares their action to something far more heinous
advantageous comparison
the perpetrator has no illusion about the immorality of the action, but they claim an abdication of their moral judgment in favor of some authority figure… nazi example
Displacement of responsibility
In this case, instead of an authority figure, the actor is claiming that the moral action was not their responsibility.
Diffusion of responsibility
being further removed from the consequences of decisions
Disregard of consequences
