Analytical Chemistry Flashcards
1
Q
Ksp and solubility
A
Higher the Ksp, the more soluble
2
Q
Solubility Rules
A
- Group 1A elements and ammonium compounds are stable
- Acetates and nitrates are soluble
- Most chlorides, bromides, iodides are soluble except with Pb, Hg, Ag, Hg2.
- Most sulfates are stable except with Pb, Hg, Ag, Ca, Sr, Ba.
- Most carbonates are UNSTABLE except Group IA and ammonium
- Most phosphates are UNSTABLE except Group IA and ammonium
- Most sulfides are UNSTABLE except Group IA and ammonium
- Most hydroxides are UNSTABLE except Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2
3
Q
Strong Acid
A
- HClO4
- H2SO4
- HI
- HBr
- HCl
- HNO3
4
Q
Strong Base
A
- LiOH
- NaOH
- KOH
- Ca(OH)2
- Sr(OH)2
- Ba(OH)2
5
Q
Give H
A
Acid
6
Q
Accept H
A
base
7
Q
electron pair acceptor
A
Lewis Acid
8
Q
Electron pair donor
A
Lewis base
9
Q
Acid Strength
A
- Higher Atomic radius (basis: down)
- Higher Electronegativity (basis across)
- Higher Electronegativity of Y in HYO
- More H
- More O
10
Q
pH
A
Acidic < 7
Neutral = 7
Basic > 7
11
Q
Precipitation Reactions
A
- Qc < Kc = forward
- Qc = Kc = equilibrium
- Qc > Kc = reverse
12
Q
Voltaic cell
A
Reduction : anode
Oxidation : cathode
13
Q
Salt
A
- Strong Acid + Strong Base = neutral
- Strong Acid + Weak Base = Acidic
- Strong Base + Weak Acid = Basic
- Weak Base + Weak Acid
Ka<Kb = basic
Kb<Ka = acidic
14
Q
classification of sample size
A
Macro >100mg
Semi micro 10-100mg
Micro 1-10mg
Ultramicro <1mg
15
Q
Classification of analyte
A
Major >1%
Minor 0.1-1%
Trace 0.001-0.1%
Ultra trace <0.001%
