Analysis Substances Flashcards
Method for Flame test
metal ion test
Use a clean nichrome wire
Clean with acid
heat a salt in a blue flame an observe a colour flame.
Flame test colour for Lithium (Li+)
crimson flame
Flame test colour for Sodium (Na+)
yellow flame
Flame test colour for Potassium (K+)
lilac flame
Flame test colour for Calcium (Ca2+)
red flame
Flame test colour for Barium (Ba2+)
green flame.
Ion with a flame colour a crimson flame
Lithium (Li+)
Ion with a flame colour a yellow flame
Sodium (Na+)
Ion with a flame colour a lilac flame
Potassium (K+)
Ion with a flame colour a red flame
Calcium (Ca2+)
Ion with a flame colour a green flame.
Barium (Ba2+)
Describe a solution test for determining Metal ions
Add sodium hydroxide solution slowly at first then excess to a dissolved solutions of a salt (ionic compounds).
Colour of precipitate and dissolving determine the ion.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing aluminium ions
a white precipitate which will dissolve on excess.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing Calcium ions
white precipitate.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing Magnesium ions
a white precipitate.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing Copper(II) ions
a blue precipitate.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing Iron(II) (Fe2+) ions
a green precipitate.
Observation when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution containing Iron(III) (Fe3+) ions
a brown precipitate
Name and formula of ion when a white precipitate is formed and dissolves when excess sodium hydroxide is added to a solution.
aluminium ions (Al3+)
Name and formula of ion when a white precipitate is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to a solution
Calcium ions (Ca2+) Or Magnesium ions (Mg2+)
Name and formula of ion when a Blue precipitate is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to a solution
Copper(II) ions (Cu2+)
Name and formula of ion when a green precipitate is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to a solution
Iron(II) (Fe2+) ions
Name and formula of ion when a brown precipitate is formed when sodium hydroxide is added to a solution
Iron(III) (Fe3+) ions
Test for carbonate ions?
Add acid
see fizzing
Name of the ion in a solution if acid is added and fizzing is seen?
carbonate ion
Test for sulfate ions?
Add Barium chloride OR Barium nitrate
white precipitate seen
Test for Chloride ions
Add silver nitrate
White precipitate seen
Test for Bromide ions
Add silver nitrate
Cream precipitate seen
Test for Iodide ions
Add silver nitrate
Yellow precipitate seen
Name of the ion in a solution if barium nitrate is added and a white precipitate is seen?
Sulfate ion
Name of the ion in a solution if barium chloride is added and a white precipitate is seen?
Sulfate ion
Name of the ion in a solution if silver nitrate is added and a white precipitate is seen?
chloride ion
Name of the ion in a solution if silver nitrate is added and a cream precipitate is seen?
Bromide ion
Name of the ion in a solution if silver nitrate is added and a Yellow precipitate is seen?
iodide ion
Method for titration
Volumes of acid and alkali can be measured using a technique called titration using a suitable indicator.
Method to determine Concentration of Acid
- Fill a Burette with a known concentration of alkali (e.g 0.1 mol /dm3).
- Fill a conical flask with 25 cm3 of acid (unknown concnetration) using a pipette.
- Add a few drops of an indicator to the conical flask.
- Slowly add the alkali to the acid swirlling the solutions
- Stop adding alkali to the acid when the indicator preminantly changes colour.
- Record volume of alkali added.
- Use results to calculate concentration of alkali.
Visa versa for method to determine concnetration of alkali
