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Atty. Gallman Ethics, Stats, and Research > Analysis and Interpretation of Statistical Data > Flashcards

Analysis and Interpretation of Statistical Data Flashcards

1
Q

The four descriptive statistics

A

Central tendency, variability, symmetry, measures of position

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2
Q

Predictive statistics

A

Linear regression, multiple regression, stepwise regression, standardized regression coefficients

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3
Q

If you want to see the DIFFERENCE between or among groups, the family of statistical tests fall under this

A

Statistical tests for comparison

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4
Q

If you used RANDOM/PROBABILITY SAMPLING, you use what statistical test for comparison test

A

Parametric tests

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5
Q

If you used NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING, you use what statistical test for comparison test

A

Non-parametric tests

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6
Q

Central tendency measure to use if your data is an INTERVAL/RATIO and is NOT SKEWED

A

Mean

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7
Q

Central tendency measure to use if your data is an INTERVAL/RATIO and is SKEWED

A

Median

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8
Q

Central tendency measure to use if your data is NOMINAL

A

Mode

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9
Q

Variability measure that gets the difference between the HIGHEST AND LOWEST SCORES

A

Range

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10
Q

Variability measure that gets the difference between the 75th and 25th PERCENTILE

A

Interquartile range

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11
Q

Variability measure that shows the DEGREE OF SPREAD within the distribution

A

Variance

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12
Q

Variability measure that shows the DISTANCE FROM THE MEAN

A

Standard Deviation

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13
Q

This helps interpreting measures of central tendency

A

Measures of symmetry

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14
Q

The pattern of a positively skewed data

A

mean > median > mode

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15
Q

The pattern of a negatively skewed data

A

mean

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16
Q

Under measures of symmetry, this shows the LACK OF SYMMETRY OF DATA

A

Skewness

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17
Q

These are DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS under the measures of position

A

Age norms/comparison and grade equivalents

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18
Q

The formula for z-test

A

n - mean/SD

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19
Q

The percent of people FALLING BELOW the obtained percentile

A

Percentile score

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20
Q

Linear transformation: we use this formula to convert a z score to a different standardized score like t-test, stanine, deviation IQ or vice versa

A

SD (z) + mean

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21
Q

The standardized score usually used for PERSONALITY TESTS

A

t-test

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22
Q

The standardized score usually used for ACHIEVEMENT TESTS

A

Stanine

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23
Q

Mean and SD of Stanine

A

M = 5; SD = 2

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24
Q

The standardized score usually used for PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND QUESTIONNAIRES

A

Sten

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25
Mean and SD of Sten
M = 5.5; SD = 2
26
The standardized score usually used for INTELLIGENCE TESTS
Deviation IQ
27
Mean and SD of Dev IQ
M = 100; SD =15
28
The standardized score usually used for EDUCATIONAL TESTS
Normal Curve Equivalents (NCEs) scores
29
Mean and SD of Normal Curve Equivalents scores
M = 50; SD = 21.06
30
Mean and SD of SATs and GREs (scholastic aptitude test, graduate record exam)
M = 500 SD = 100
31
In a NORMAL DISTRIBUTION the mean, median, and mode have
The same value
32
The % of people falling under -1 AND +1 in a normal curve
68.26%
33
The % of people falling under +1 or -1 part of a normal curve
34.13%
34
The % of people falling under -2 AND +2 in a normal curve
95.50%
35
The % of people falling under +2 or -2 part of a normal curve
13.59%
36
The % of people falling under -3 AND +3 in a normal curve
99.75%
37
The % of people falling under +3 or -3 part of a normal curve
2.15%
38
Under inferential statistics, this is a random interval (AKA confidence interval) in which the true value of the parameter falls with some level of probability
Interval estimate
39
For the confidence interval, the ____ the confidence level, the ____ the CI
Higher, wider
40
The alpha of a confidence interval with 90%
.05
41
The alpha of a confidence interval with 95%
.025
42
The alpha of a confidence interval with 99%
.005
43
The alpha of .05 is equal to what z-score
1.65
44
The alpha of .025 is equal to what z-score
1.96
45
The alpha of .005 is equal to what z-score
2.58
46
In the critical value approach of hypothesis testing, if value of test stat FALLS WITHIN the critical region, what do we do with H0/null?
Reject
47
In the critical value approach of hypothesis testing, if value of test stat DOES NOT FALL WITHIN the critical region, what do we do with H0/null?
Do not reject | Guys, we don't accept a null hypothesis, reject or not reject lang, OK?
48
In the P-value approach of hypothesis testing, if P-value less than or equal to the α/alpha, we ____ the H0/null
Reject
49
In the P-value approach of hypothesis testing, if P-value greater the α/alpha, we ____ the H0/null
Do not reject
50
Type I error or False ____, What did you to the null?
Positive; Did not reject, when you should have
51
Type I error or False ____, What did you to the null?
Negative; Rejected, but shouldn't have Akala mo lang wala! Pero meron!
52
These letters/symbols are used when pertaining to the POPULATION
Greek symbols
53
These letters/symbols are used when pertaining to the SAMPLE
Roman letters
54
A parameter has the symbol of
µ (mu)
55
A mean uses the letter
x
56
The SD of a population uses the symbol
σ (sigma)
57
The variance of a population uses the symbol
σ2
58
The variance of a sample uses
S2 (S squared yan ayaw lang mag-superscript ng Brainscape)
59
Your percentile you have a z-score of 1
84th percentile
60
A percentile of 84.1 means
84 people scored lower than you and you ranked 16th in a group
61
Your percentile you have a z-score of 2
98th percentile
62
A percentile of 98 means
98 people scored lower than you and you ranked 2nd in a group
63
Your percentile you have a z-score of 3
99th percentile
64
A percentile of 99 means
99 people scored lower than you and you ranked 1st in a group
65
Your percentile you have a z-score of -1
16th percentile
66
A percentile of 16 means
16 people scored lower than you and you ranked 84 in a group
67
Your percentile you have a z-score of -2
2nd percentile
68
A percentile of 2 means
2 people scored lower than you and you ranked 98 in a group
69
Your percentile you have a z-score of -3
1st percentile
70
A percentile of 1 means
1 person scored lower than you and you ranked 99 in a group
71
Meaningful transformation of raw scores
Standard scores

Atty. Gallman Ethics, Stats, and Research (3 decks)

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