Analysis Flashcards
Economic output=
Gross domestic product(GDP)/gross national product (GNP)
Straight line depreciation:
Writes off value of the assets evenly over the assets life.
Accelerated depreciation:
Front load deductions, increasing the early year amounts but reducing later year amounts
Intangible assets:
Trademarks and goodwill
- company acquires another firm for more than its book value
- excess purchase price over book value is termed “goodwill”
- illiquid
Tangible assets
Tangible assets= total assets-intangibles
Assets without intangible assets
Retained earnings:
If not all paid out in dividends, the company will have retained earnings.
-earnings belong to the common stockholders equity
Bond ratio=
Long term debt/total long term capital
Preferred stock ratio
Preferred stock/total long term capital
Common stock ratio=
Capital at par + capital in excess of par + retained earnings/total long term capital
If company were to liquidate what will the common shareholders receive.
*to see if the stock is overvalued or undervalued:
Book value per common share=
Common equity-intangibles/#of common shares outstanding
The funds that would be available to pay off bond holders in a liquidation
Bond holders gave claim over general creditors.
Net tangible asset value per bond=
Tangible assets-current liabilities/number of $1000 par bonds outstanding
What increases retained earnings?
Net income
What decreases retained earnings?
Dividend distributions
Ratios used to measure “profitability” are:
- Operating margin of profit
- times interest earned
- net profile ratio
- return on assets
Operating margin of profit=
Operating profit/net sales
*compares operating margin to net sales
Bond interest coverage=
Total operating and non-operating income/ bond interest expense
*measures the ability of corporation to meet its bond interest expenses
Net profit ratio=
Net income after tax/net sales
*the final profitability of the company after all expenses are deducted
Return in assets ratio=
Net income after tax/ total tangible assets
Earnings per common share=
Earnings available for common/common shares outstanding