Analysis Flashcards
Oxygens Reactions
.Most metals react with oxygen, only jewellery metals don’t: platinum, silver, gold
.Metals like copper must be heated to react
.Metals likes iron,zinc,tin have to be pounded/heated to react
.Metals like aluminium and magnesium react quickly if heated or slowly without heating
Metal + Oxygen -> Metal Oxide
Name different methods of preventing rusting
Surface protections - greasing and oiling, painting, varnishing
Electrochemical protection - something coating iron so stuff reacts with it instead
Alloying - chromium + nickel to turn into stainless steel
Sacrificial Protection - Blocks of magnesium which will eventually corrode away
Flame Test Results
Ion Colour
Li+. Crimson
Na+. Yellow Orange
K+. Lilac
Ca2+. Red Orange
Cu2+. Green
Precipitate Test Results
Metal Cation
Al3+ White ppt dissolves with excess
Ca2+ White ppt
Cu2+ Blue ppt
Fe2+ Green ppt
Fe3+ Orange/Brown ppt
Mg2+ White ppt
Equation for Precipitate Test
iron(III) nitrate + sodium hydroxide-> iron(III) hydroxide + sodium nitrate
Fe(NO3)3 + 3NaOH(aq) -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaNO3 (aq)
Fe3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) -> Fe(OH)3 (s)
What is a pure substance?
Something that only contains one compound or element throughout - not mixed with anything else
What is the test for chlorine?
Chlorine bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white. (If you use blue litmus paper it may turn red for a moment first though - that’s because a solution of chlorine is acidic.
What is the test for oxygen?
Put a glowing splint inside a test tube containing oxygen, the oxygen will relight the glowing splint
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
Bubbling carbon dioxide through an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide (limewater) causes the solution to turn cloudy.
What is the test for hydrogen?
If you hold a burning splint at the open end of a test tube containing hydrogen, you’ll get a “squeaky pop”
What is the mobile phase in chromatography?
Where molecules can move. This is always a liquid or gas.
What is the stationary phase in chromatography?
Where molecules can’t move. This can be a solid or a really thick liquid.
