Analog Circuits Flashcards
What formula is used to find the Cutoff-Frequency of a filter?
1/(2piRC)
Which of the following terms best describes the measurement of a waveform from any point in one cycle to the same point in the next cycle?
Period
Harmonics are useful in electronics for?
Frequency Multiplication
There are how many basic types (not categories) of oscillators?
3
What is the function of a step counter?
Provides an output increase in one step increments for each cycle of input
Which best describes a type of high pass filter?
Two parallel inductors with a capacitor in between
True or False? Inductive reactance provides low impedance to AC signals (high frequencies) and high impedance to DC signals (low frequencies)?
False
Which analog device is designed to pass or block a specific frequency or frequency bandwidth?
Filters
Which variation can affect amplitude stability of an oscillator?
Bias variations
Damping can be overcome by providing negative feedback ? (true or false)
False
These type of amplifiers have high input impedance and low output impedance and are used to reduce loading effects?
Buffer
Is it possible to create an oscillator with only an LC tank circuit?
No
When a mechanical stress is applied to certain crystals, electricity or electrical polarity is produced. This is known as what?
Piezoelectric Effect
What causes a crystal oscillator to mechanically vibrate?
Voltage
Frequency multipliers operate on the pulses of what?
Collector Current
The best way to measure the frequency of an oscillating signal is ?
Measure T and compute 1/T
Which waveform consists of the fundamental frequency and all of the odd harmonics in phase?
Square wave
In a tuning circuit, what allows the resonant frequency (tuned frequency) to pass to the receiving circuitry?
Tuning Capacitor
Diminished oscillations with time is a result of ?
Damping
Positive feedback is also known as?
Regenerative Feedback
Which of the following consists of undesired oscillations, due to imperfect circuits?
Ringing
What is the output of a sinusoidal oscillator?
AC waveform with constant amplitude and frequency
What is the function of a limiter?
Limits some part of a waveform from exceeding a specified value
Commonly, a low-pass filter has a capacitor in parallel with the output and an inductor in series with the output. What is another method of creating a low pass filter?
An inductor in series and a resistor in parallel with the output
When a sinewave at a higher harmonic is added to the sinewave’s fundamental frequency, the new waveform is referred to as what?
Resultant waveform
To maintain oscillations and overcome damping, an oscillator circuit requires what?
Regenerative feedback
Which analog device/circuit can be used to change pulsating DC to Pure DC?
Filters
Which type of oscillator uses a capacitor and resistor in its design?
RC Oscillators
What term identifies the length of a pulse signal?
Pulse Width
Which of the following terms best describes the condition where the time it takes a pulse to rise from 10% to 90% of its maximum amplitude?
Rise time
Capacitive reactance allows high frequency signals to experience low impedance? (True or False)
True
Which type of oscillator uses a tapped or split coil?
Hartley
Which of the following can affect amplitude and frequency stability of an oscillator?
Load Variations
Which type of oscillator uses a tickler coil?
Armstrong
Which best describes a low pass filter?
An inductor in series with a capacitor in parallel
The two categories in which an oscillator can be classified according to their output wave are sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal. (True or False)
True
Which type of oscillator uses Rochelle salts?
Crystal-controlled oscillators
What is produced when pressure is applied to a crystal?
Voltage
How do you calculate the Duty Cycle of a square wave?
Pulse width/period
When an alternating electrical current is applied to certain crystals, they begin to mechanically vibrate. This is called what?
Inverse piezoelectric effect
Which waveform consists of the fundamental frequency and all of the harmonics?
Sawtooth wave
What is the function of a clamper?
Restrains either the upper or lower extremity of a waveform to a fixed DC potential
In a tank circuit the reactance is tuned to the resistance? (True or False)
False
Which oscillator has good frequency stability, easy to tune and can be used for a wide range of frequencies?
Colpitts
When a sinewave’s fundamental frequency is combined with the 3rd, 7th, & 11th harmonics 180 degrees out of phase, and the 5th, 9th, & 13th harmonics in phase, what type of waveform is created?
Peaked wave
Which type of oscillator uses a tank circuit?
LC Oscillators
Which analog device provides a given waveform at a constant peak amplitude and specific frequency to maintain the waveform within its limits?
Oscillators
A demodulator is also known as a(an) ________?
Detector circuit
Which analog circuit is designed to separate the intelligence from the carrier wave?
Demodulators
A limiter is a _________?
Half-wave rectifier
What analog device converts a DC input into an alternating waveform at the output?
Oscillator
Which analog device reduces the interaction between the load and the oscillator?
Buffer amplifiers
The maintenance of oscillations between pulses of excitation energy is known as ?
Flywheel effect
Which of the following terms best describes the condition where the time it takes a pulse to transition from 90% to 10% of its maximum amplitude?
Fall time
