analgesics Flashcards
What is codeine?
weak pro drug for morphine
What is fentanyl?
rapid onset opioid, used with anaesthetics
When is pethidine used?
childbirth
opioid
What is the opioid antagonist?
naloxone
What are the 4 opiate receptors?
mu
delta - no drugs
kappa
ORL1 analgesic/pain enhancing
What is the mechanism of an opioid?
inhibits N type ca channels
opens K channels in many neurons –> hyperpolarisation
presynaptic inhibition of release of glutamate and substance P
postsynaptic inhibition of neuronal activity
What is a drug to treat migraine?
sumatriptan (5HT1a agonist)
Which endogenous opioids act at mu receptors?
endorphins
endomorphins
At which receptors is naloxone an antagonist?
mu, delta, kappa not ORL1
What are the side effects of mu receptor agonists?
anxiety relief constipation cough suppression euphoria nausea dependence respiratory depression
Is naloxone short or long acting?
short acting
potent
What does gabapentin act on?
calcium channels
Which transmitters are released by c fibre activation in spinal cord?
substance P
CGRP
glutamate
aspartate
What is heroin?
diacetylmorphine
Which opioid agonist is long duration?
methadone
