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ANAL CHEM 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Spectroscopy deals with interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. What is the speed of this radiation in vacuum in m/s?

6 x 108
5 x 108
7 x 108
3 x 108

A

3 x 108

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2
Q

Which type of Quantum Transition takes place in Ultra Violet and Visible spectroscopy?

Rotation of molecules
Nuclear
Bonding electrons
Spin of nuclei in magnetic field

A

Bonding electrons

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3
Q

Which of the following is not a property or parameter of electromagnetic radiation?

Wavelength
Voltage
Wave number
Amplitude

A

Voltage

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4
Q

Which of the following is not a type of Spectroscopy?

Gamma ray
X ray
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Sound

A

Sound

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5
Q

Electromagnetic radiation can travel through vacuum.

True
False

A

True

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6
Q

Which of the following is false about wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?

Radiation with short wavelengths have high energies
Energy does not depend on wavelength
Radiation with long wavelengths have low energies
Energy depends on wavelength

A

Energy does not depend on wavelength

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7
Q

Which of the following is the wavelength of microwave radiation?

10 – 780nm

  1. 78 – 30µm
  2. 6 – 10 m
  3. 75 – 3.75 mm
A

0.75 – 3.75 mm

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8
Q

How is wave number of electromagnetic radiation related to wavelength?

It is the reciprocal of wavelength
It is directly proportional to wavelength
It is not related to wavelength
It is equal to wavelength

A

It is equal to wavelength

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9
Q

Which of the following is the wavenumber of UV and Visible radiation?

1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m-1
1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m
13 – 27 m-1
1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m2

A

1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m-1

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10
Q

Velocity of electromagnetic radiation is more in vacuum than in any medium.

True
False

A

True

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11
Q

Beer Lambert’s law gives the relation between which of the following?

Reflected radiation and concentration
Scattered radiation and concentration
Energy absorption and concentration
Energy absorption and reflected radiation

A

Energy absorption and concentration

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12
Q

In which of the following ways, absorption is related to transmittance?

Absorption is the logarithm of transmittance
Absorption is the reciprocal of transmittance
Absorption is the negative logarithm of transmittance
Absorption is a multiple of transmittance

A

Absorption is the negative logarithm of transmittance

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a limitation of Beer Lambert’s law, which gives the relation between absorption, thickness and concentration?

Concentration must be lower

Radiation must have higher bandwidth

Radiation source must be monochromatic

Does not consider factors other than thickness and concentration that affect absorbance

A

Radiation must have higher bandwidth

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14
Q

Beer’s law states that the intensity of light decreases with respect to ___________

Concentration
Distance
Composition
Volume

A

Concentration

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15
Q

Lambert’s law states that the intensity of light decreases with respect to __________

Concentration
Distance
Composition
Volume

A

Distance

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16
Q

The representation of Beer Lambert’s law is given as A = abc. If ‘b’ represents distance, ‘c’ represents concentration and ‘A’ represents absorption, what does ‘a’ represent?

Intensity
Transmittance
Absorptivity
Admittance

A

Absorptivity

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17
Q

Which of the following is not true about Absorption spectroscopy?

It involves transmission

Scattering is kept minimum

Reflection is kept maximum

Intensity of radiation leaving the substance is an indication of concentration

A

Reflection is kept maximum

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18
Q

Transmittance is given as T = P/Po. If Po is the power incident on the sample, what does P represent?

Radiant power transmitted by the sample
Radiant power absorbed by the sample
Sum of powers absorbed and scattered
Sum of powers transmitted and reflected

A

Radiant power transmitted by the sample

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19
Q

What is the unit of absorbance which can be derived from Beer Lambert’s law?

L mol-1 cm-1
L gm-1 cm-1
Cm
No unit

A

No unit

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20
Q

What is the unit of molar absorptivity or absorptivity which is used to determine absorbance A in Beer Lambert’s formula?

a) L mol-1 cm-1
b) L gm-1 cm-1
c) Cm
d) No unit

A

L mol-1 cm-1

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21
Q

Which of the following detectors does not require a battery and is also known as barrier layer cell?

Photomultiplier tube
Photovoltaic cell
Photoemissive tubes
Photo reflector

A

Photovoltaic cell

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22
Q

Which of the following detectors is used to detect light intensities which are very weak?

Photomultiplier tube
Photovoltaic cell
Photoemissive tubes
Photo reflector

A

Photomultiplier tube

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23
Q

How is Tungsten Halogen lamp differ from normal Tungsten filament lamp used in absorption spectroscopy?

It has a tungsten filament and is filled with inert gas
Iodine is added to normal filling gas
Iodine is coated on tungsten filament
Iodine is added to inert gas

A

Iodine is added to normal filling gas

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24
Q

Instead of glass filters, why gelatin filters could not be used for a long period while both are Absorption filters?

Gelatin tends to evaporate and hence they deteriorate

Gelatin is affected by humidity in environment

They deteriorate due to absorption of heat leading to changes in gelatin

Gelation is affected by temperature in environment

A

They deteriorate due to absorption of heat leading to changes in gelatin

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25
Q

How does continuous wedge filter differ from normal interference filter used in absorption spectroscopy?

It permits continuous selection of different wavelength

It allows narrow band of wavelengths to pass

It has two semi-transparent layers of silver

Space layer is made of a substance having low refractive index

A

It permits continuous selection of different wavelength

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26
Q

Which of the following could be used as the layer of dielectric in interference filters used in Absorption Spectroscopy?

Graphite
MgF2
Fe
AgNO3

A

MgF2

27
Q

How can stability of radiation be achieved in incandescent or discharge source used in Absorption Spectroscopy?

Using filters
Using monochromators
Using slits
By controlling the source voltage

A

By controlling the source voltage

28
Q

To tolerate high operating temperatures, which of the following has to be done in incandescent or tungsten filament lamps?

Alloys must be used
Nitrogen be used instead of inert gas
Envelope is fabricated with quartz
Envelope is fabricated with copper

A

Envelope is fabricated with quartz

29
Q

Which of the following is not a reason for laser not being generally used as a source of radiation for UV, Visible Spectroscopy?

High cost
Limited range of wavelength
Less intensity
Complex to work with

A

Less intensity

30
Q

Which of the following statements is false about single beam absorption instruments?

Tungsten bulb is used as source
Beam splitter is used to get parallel beam
Test tube is used as sample holder
Photovoltaic cell as detector

A

Beam splitter is used to get parallel beam

31
Q

Which of the following statement is false about double beam absorption instruments?

It is similar to single beam instruments except two beams are present

Tungsten bulb is used as source

Reference beam must have higher intensity than sample beam

Both the beams after they pass through respective samples are compared

A

Reference beam must have higher intensity than sample beam

32
Q

Which of the following is not an application of colorimeter?

Paints
Inks
Cosmetics
Composition detection

A

Composition detection

33
Q

In photometers, the readings of the specimen are initially obtained in the form of which of the following parameters?

Transmittance
Absorption
Wavelengths
Volume

A

Transmittance

34
Q

Colorimeters are used in applications where great accuracy is required.

True
False

A

False

35
Q

Colorimeters are used to determine concentration of solutions.

True
False

A

True

36
Q

Which of the following is the purpose of balance indicator in double beam photometer or colorimeter?

Selects particular wavelength

Splits the wavelength selected into two equal beams

Detects and indicates the amount of light falling on it

Indicates the difference between the output of two photometers

A

Indicates the difference between the output of two photometers

37
Q

Which of the following is the purpose of beam splitter in double beam photometer or colorimeter?

Splits beam into two equal intensity beams

Splits beam in such a way that sample beam has higher intensity

Splits beam in such a way that reference beam has higher intensity

Merge two equal intensity beams into single beam

A

Splits beam into two equal intensity beams

38
Q

Which of the following is a source used in spectroscopy?

LASER
Tube light
Sodium vapour lamp
Tungsten lamp

A

Tungsten lamp

39
Q

Which of the following is not a source used in Mid Infrared Spectrophotometer?

Nernst glower
High pressure mercury arc lamp
Globar
Nichrome wire

A

High pressure mercury arc lamp

40
Q

Which of the following is the wave number of near infrared spectrometer?

4000 – 200 cm-1
200 – 10 cm-1
12500 – 4000 cm-1
50 – 1000 cm-1

A

12500 – 4000 cm-1

41
Q

Which of the following options are correct in terms of wavelength for the different types of IR spectrometer?

Near IR: 0.8 – 2.5 mm
Mid IR: 0.8 – 2.5 mm
Far IR: 2.5 – 50 mm
Mid IR: 50 – 100 mm

A

Near IR: 0.8 – 2.5 mm

42
Q

Which of the following is not a composition of Nernst glower or Nernst filament?

Oxides of Zirconium
Oxides of Barium
Oxides of Yitrium
Oxides of Thorium

A

Oxides of Barium

43
Q

What is the composition of Globar rod which is used as a source in Mid IR spectroscopy?

Silicon carbide
Silver chloride
Silicon dioxide
Silver carbide

A

Silicon carbide

44
Q

Bolometer, a type of detector, is also known as:

Resistance temperature detector (RTD)
Thermistor
Thermocouple
Golay cell

A

Thermistor

45
Q

Which of the following is not a technique for preparing solid samples in IR spectroscopy?

Solids run in solution
Mull technique
Solid films
Thin films

A

Thin films

46
Q

Which of the following is not used as pyroelectric material used in pyroelectric transducers in Infrared spectroscopy?

Triglycine Sulphate
Deutrated Triglycine Sulphate
Some Polymers
Tetraglycine sulphate

A

Tetraglycine sulphate

47
Q

Which of the following is the principle of Golay cell which is used as a detector in IR spectroscopy?

Expansion of gas upon heating

Increase in resistance due to increase in temperature and vice versa

Temperature difference gives rise to a potential difference in the material

Decrease in resistance due to increase in temperature

A

Expansion of gas upon heating

48
Q

In a solid sample treatment technique, the finely ground solid sample is mixed with mineral oil to make a thick paste which is then spread between IR transmitting windows. What is the name of this solid sample treatment technique?

Pressed pellet
Mull technique
Solid films
Solids run in solution

A

Mull technique

49
Q

Which of the following is the principle of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?

Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states

Medium absorbs radiation and transmitted radiation is measured

Colour is measured

Colour is simply observed

A

Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states

50
Q

In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, which of the following is the generally used radiation source?

Tungsten lamp
Xenon mercury arc lamp
Hydrogen or deuterium discharge lamp
Hollow cathode lamp

A

Hollow cathode lamp

51
Q

In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, with what material is the cathode in Hollow cathode lamp constructed?

Tungsten
Quartz
Element to be investigated
Aluminium

A

Element to be investigated

52
Q

How can the intensity of radiation be increased in Hollow cathode lamp?

Addition of non-conductive protective shield of mica
Addition of nitrogen to neon or argon in the lamp
Increasing the pressure of the filling gas
Changing the metal of the anode

A

Addition of non-conductive protective shield of mica

53
Q

Which of the following is the function of the chopper in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?

To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into pulsating light
To filter unwanted components
To reduce the sample into atomic state

A

To break the steady light into pulsating light

54
Q

Which of the following is the function of Flame or Emission system in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?

To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into pulsating light
To filter unwanted components
To reduce the sample into atomic state

A

To reduce the sample into atomic state

55
Q

Atomic absorption spectroscopy is also called as Absorption Flame Photometry.

True
False

A

True

56
Q

Which of the following is not a component of emission system in Flame photometer?

Burner
Atomiser
Fuel gases and their regulation
Chopper

A

Chopper

57
Q

Which of the following is the function of atomiser in the emission system of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?

To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into pulsating light
To break large mass of liquid into small drops
To reduce the sample into atomic state

A

To break large mass of liquid into small drops

58
Q

Which of the following is not a fuel used in flame photometry?

Acetylene
Propane
Hydrogen
Camphor oil

A

Camphor oil

59
Q

Which of the following is not the requirement of a good flame in flame photometer?

Liquid sample must be evaporated to form solid residue

Solid residue must decompose to form atoms

Atoms must be produced such that they have the ability to get excited to higher states

Atoms must be produced such that they are in stable state

A

Atoms must be produced such that they are in stable state

60
Q

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is used for the analysis of metals.

True
False

A

True

61
Q

Which of the following options explains the process of ‘sputtering’ that occurs in Hollow Cathode Lamp?

Positive ions collide with cathode surface and metal atoms from cathode are ejected

Negative ions collide with cathode surface and metal atoms from anode are ejected

Positive ions collide with negative ions and metal atoms from anode are ejected

Positive ions collide with negative ions and photons are ejected

A

Positive ions collide with cathode surface and metal atoms from cathode are ejected

62
Q

At what pressure should the gases in the sealed tube be maintained in the Hollow cathode lamp?

1 to 5 torr
20 to 30 torr
40 to 50 torr
50 to 55 torr

A

1 to 5 torr

63
Q

END

A

END

ANAL CHEM (5 decks)

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