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Cancer > Anal cancer > Flashcards

Anal cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is anal cancer

A

Anal cancer is defined as a malignancy which lies exclusively in the anal canal, the borders of which are the anorectal junction and the anal margin (area of pigmented skin surrounding the anal orifice)

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2
Q

Who gets anal cancer

A

60-70 years
females > males 2:1

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3
Q

Risk factors for anal cancer

A

HPV infection - 80-85% of SSCs (anal intercourse, high no. sexual parnters)
MSM
HIV/immunosupressed
Women w history cervical cancer or CIN
Immunosupresisve drugs in transplant
Smoking

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4
Q

Types of anal cancer

A

80% SSC
Melanomas, lymphomas, adenocarcinomas
Lymphatic darinage -> inguinal nodes if marginal, proximal -> pelvic

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5
Q

Clinical features of anal cancer

A

Perianal pain, perianal bleeding
Palpable lesion
Faecal incontinenece
Neglected tumour female -> rectovaginal fisutla

Refer if unexplained anal mass or ulceration

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6
Q

Investigaitons anal cancer

A

PR exam
T stage assessment - PR, anoscopic exam with biopsy, palpation of inguinal nodes
Imaing - CT, MRI, endo anal US + PET
Relevant infections incl HIV

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Cancer (22 decks)

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