Anak Krakotoa

Question 1

Where and When?

Answer 1

Island of Krakatoa on the Sunda Strait in Indonesia

Emerged from the caldera in 1927

Erupted on 22nd December 2018

Question 2

History/Background

Answer 2

Emerged from the caldera left behind from the last eruption in 1883

2018 - had been erupting since June 2018

Question 3

THE Eruption

Answer 3

26 Aug - 21 Oct 1883
200 megatons of TNT
41m tsunamis - 30,000 dead
70% of island and surrounding archipelago destroyed

Question 4

2018 Eruption

Answer 4

Small eruption with surtseyan-style activity (strong Strombolian to weak Vulcanian)

One of the flanks fell into the ocean causing a tsunami that affects 186 miles of coastline

Indonesias tsunami warning system didn’t work as it only detects submarine EQs

Question 5

Social Impacts

Answer 5

PRIMARY

• 437 dead
• 14,000 injured
• 800 homes destroyed
• 420 ships destroyed

SECONDARY
-40,000 displaced

Question 6

Economic impacts

Answer 6

PRIMARY

• Roads and bridges destroyed
• Buildings destroyed
• Farmland inundated with sea water

SECONDARY

• Damage to tourism
• Damage to local fishing communities

Question 7

Environmental impacts

Answer 7

Coastal land inundated with water

Loss of biodiversity - all biodiversity wiped out on Anak Krakatoa

Question 8

Short term responses

Answer 8

Emergency response declared by the government - until 4th Jan 2019

Local authorities helped with search and rescue

Question 9

Long term response

Answer 9

International Red Cross mobilised 2.6 million HKD aimed to assist 7,000 people for 1 month

Indonesian Red Cross - supported evacuation, provided medical & first aid services, 5000 litres of clean water

Practically no International aid