anaesthetics

Question 1

propofol MOA

Answer 1

GABA-R agonist

Question 2

ketamine MOA

Answer 2

NMDA-R antagonist

Question 3

suxamethonium contraindications

Answer 3

hyperkalaemia in burns/trauma patients

Question 4

suxamethonium complications

Answer 4

1. malignant hyperthermia
2. suxamethonium apnoea

Question 5

thromboprophylaxis:

hip replacement

Answer 5

LMWH for 10 days followed by aspirin (75 or 150 mg) for a further 28 days + stockings

OR

LMWH 28 days + stockings

OR

rivaroxaban

Question 6

thromboprophylaxis:

knee replacement

Answer 6

aspirin 14 days
OR
LMWH 14 days
OR
rivaroxaban

Question 7

sutures:

vicryl vs monofilament

Answer 7

vicryl:
more tensile strength
easier to handle

monofilament:
less likely to get infection
has less tension on tissue

Question 8

MRSA prophylaxis

Answer 8

nose -> mupirocin 2% 5 days
skin -> chlorhexidine gluconate 5 days

Question 9

oropharyngeal airway

Answer 9

AKA GUEDEL AIRWAY
easy to insert
no paralysis required
used as a bridger to more definitive airway control

Question 10

laryngeal mask

Answer 10

WIDELY USED
very easy to insert
paralysis not usually required
used for a lot of day surgeries

POOR CONTROL AGAINST REFLUX OF GASTRIC CONTENTS
not suitable for high pressure ventilation

Question 11

endotracheal tube

Answer 11

optimal control once cuff is inflated
errors in insertion can lead to oesophageal intubation
paralysis usually required

Question 12

ketamine - why is it good in haemodynamically unstable?

Answer 12

very little myocardial depression

Question 13

thiopental - MOA and SEs

Answer 13

MOA - type of barbiturate, potentiates GABA
SEs - laryngospasm

Question 14

propofol benefit as a GA

Answer 14

also has anti-emetic properties so useful in patients with high risk of post-op vomiting

Question 15

atracurium is reversed by

Answer 15

neostigmine

Question 16

orange cannula gauge

Answer 16

14g

Question 17

grey cannula gauge

Answer 17

16g

Question 18

blue cannula gauge

Answer 18

22g

Question 19

malignant hyperthermia tx

Answer 19

dantrolene

Question 20

lidocaine toxicity tx

Answer 20

20% lipid emulsion

Question 21

lidocaine toxicity

Answer 21

initially CNS toxicity then depression
cardiac arrythmias

Question 22

lidocaine MOA

Answer 22

affects Na channels in axons

hepatic metabolism

Question 23

0.9% saline - how much sodium

Answer 23

153mmol/l

Question 24

intraosseus common site

Answer 24

prox tibia

Question 25

anastomatic leak dx

Answer 25

CT

Question 26

supraglottic airway

Answer 26

i-gel

Question 27

when are nasopharyngeal airways contraindicated

Answer 27

basal skull fractures

Question 28

don’t use nitric oxide when..

Answer 28

in pneumothoraces

Question 29

etomidate can cause what major side effect

Answer 29

adrenal suppression

Question 30

day before surgery, drop your long insulin to 80%

Question 31

LMWH when initiated after surgery

Answer 31

6-12 hours post op