Anaesthetics

Question 1

What antiemetics are used first line for post-operative nausea and vomiting

Answer 1

Serotonin antagonist (ondansetron, palonosetron)
Corticosteroids (dexamethasone)
Dopamine antagonist (droperidol)

Question 2

How many scores for motor, verbal and eye opening?

Answer 2

6,5,4 respectively

Question 3

What reading is used to confirm intubation?

Answer 3

End-tidal CO2

Question 4

What is epidural anaesthesia?

Answer 4

Injection of local anesthetics into the epidural space L3-L4 /L4-L5

Question 5

What are the risks of epidural anaesthesia?

Answer 5

Maternal hypotension causing foetal and maternal distress, risk of dural puncture causing severe postural headache, epidural haematoma

Question 6

Which fluids are not suitable for resuscitation and why?

Answer 6

Gelofusine (risk of anaphylaxis)
Dextrose (Does not stay in intravascular compartment)

Question 7

What are the 6 scores of movement in GCS?

Answer 7

obeys command, localises to pain, withdraws to pain, flexor response to pain, extensor response to pain, no response to pain

Question 8

What is considered second line beyond first line options of PONV?

Answer 8

H1 receptor antagonist (Cyclizine) - Avoid in HF
D2 receptor antagonist (Prochlorperazine) - Risk of extrapyramidal S/E

Question 9

What are the features of compartment syndrome?

Answer 9

Pain especially on movement
Paraesthesia
Pallor
Arterial pulses may still be felt
Paralysis of the muscle group