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NEET PG > Anaesthesia > Flashcards

Anaesthesia Flashcards

1
Q

Predictor for bag an mask
rventilation

A

OBESE

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2
Q

Predictors of diff
airway

A

LEMON

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3
Q

rule of 3-3-2

A

interincisor gap
hyomental distance
Thypohyoid

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4
Q

Patil’s test

A

TMD
6:5 6

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5
Q

savva’s test

A

SMD
max .predictive value for a difficult amway
12-5

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6
Q

Mallampatti

A

Push

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7
Q

nmallampati o

A

Epiglottis visible

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8
Q

Cormack and Le hane classification

A

I-
II -
III -
IV-

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9
Q

Ideal position for intubation

A

Barking dog/ sniffing

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10
Q

ideal position for
obese pts

A

HELP ( head elevated laryngoscopy position)
Ramp
ear . - suprasternal notch

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11
Q

Eg for secure aisway

A

ETT
tracheostomy

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12
Q

order of increase in dead space in diff
ariway techniques

A

FM >SAD >ETT
except long ETT preterm neonate

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13
Q

Why risk of aspiration

A

gastric insufflation of air

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14
Q

AMBU=
FiO2
vol

A

Ambulatory manual
breathing unit
100%02
250 N 500 C 1-5L A

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15
Q

GUedal’s airway

A

OPA
hard plastic

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16
Q

appropriate size of guedel’s awway

A

vertical distance b/w angle of mandible and central incisor or
blw EAM an angle of mouth

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17
Q

Nasal trumpet

A

soft silicon
tragus to tip of nose

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18
Q

disadv of nasal trumpet

A

/ bleeding pts on ants ‘coagulants
basilar skull #

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19
Q

AOC for SAD insertion

A

Propofol

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20
Q

tip of CMA →

A

faces esophagus

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21
Q

Examples of 2nd gen LMA

A

proseal
supreme
I- gel

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22
Q

C/ I to LMA

A

distorted upper away
emergency surgery)
full stomach pts

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23
Q

most common size
LMA Claussic

A

M-5
F-4 C- 3 (30.5kg)
man int racuff pressure 60 cms

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24
Q

LMA fastrach

A

intubating
plunger

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25
Q

Miller Blade

A

Pediatric intubation

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26
Q

most common injured structure during
laryngoscopy

A

upper central
incIsor

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27
Q

maneouvre improving
visualisation of vc

A

BURP

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28
Q

Plan for anticipated difficult arewary

A

Awake F0B intubation

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29
Q

mantiapitated duff airway

A

A B c D

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30
Q

Murphy’s eye
types

A

and opening ETT
Magil - C
Murphys

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31
Q

Ad vantage and disadvantageof how volume
high pressure
cuff

A

N O risk of aspiration
r/o tracheal stenosis
red rubber

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32
Q

pressure, volume cuff
size

A

<25 mm Hg
4-8 m I
2.5 10.5
depth 21-23 cm
F-7/7.5

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33
Q

why uncuffed ETT for pediatric
(tell 8 yrs)

A

P recent post intubation
croup

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34
Q

pediatric ETT size for > lyr

A

age/ 4 +4
age /2 + 12cm

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35
Q

ETT size for pretum neonate

A

2-5/3
3Cmx size

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36
Q

surest sign of confirmation of placement of €TT

A

visualis ation of
vocal colds

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37
Q

fold std for placement of
ETT

A

FOB - carina

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38
Q

most common method
of confirmation of placement of ETT

A

Capnography

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39
Q

nasal intubation C/I
in

A

base of skull#
CS F rhinorr hea
Bleeding tendency
Nasal polyps

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40
Q

Why nasal intubation
C/ I in base of
skull#

A

weak cribri form plate
intracranial migration

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41
Q

… … has no role in confuming
endo bronchial tube

A

Cap no

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42
Q

Pregnant female which ASA

A

II

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43
Q

ASA Iv

A

sever systemic disease limits activity but not incapacitating
uncontrolled HTM ( DM
chronic smoker
alcohol addict
ESRD on rregular dialysis
11HO CAD TIA stroke MY, stent > 3months

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44
Q

Drugs that need to be continued preoperatively

A

BB NTG CCB Thiazides
statins
steroids
POP
anti epileptics anti thyroid
ATT ART

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45
Q

stopping aspirin preoperatively

A

low dose continue
high -3-5d b4

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46
Q

stopping clopidogrel preop

A

7d b4

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47
Q

stopping warfarin preop

A

Target PT IMR < 1.5
or 3-5d b 4

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48
Q

stopping heparin preop

A

UFH- 4-6 hrs
LM WH
proph- 12hrs therapeutic-24 hrs

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49
Q

Which antihypertensives
to bestopped on
day of Sx

A

ACEI
ARB all diuretics except
thiazides

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50
Q

stopping insulin n 0HA

A

day of sx

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51
Q

When to stop heebal and Ayurvedic med preop

A

min 2 weeks by Sx

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52
Q

stopping psychiatric meds

A

continue all except Li MAO#
Li - 48 hrs(24-48)
MAO ⇒ Irreversible- 2-4wks
reversible day of Sx

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53
Q

s topping OCP preop

A

4-6 w eeks
except POP

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54
Q

advised duration of
smoking abstinence

A

4-8 weeks

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55
Q

most commonly used premedication

A

BZD
anti anxiety, sedation, anterograde amnesia

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56
Q

BZD of choice for premedication

A

Midaz

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57
Q

most used anti sialogogue

A

gly copyrrolate

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58
Q

use an technique Preoxygenation

A

Tidal vol respx 3 mins
8_10 vital capacity breathes
increase safe apnea time

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59
Q

02 req at rest

A

250 ml) min

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60
Q

96% ischemia detection rate which leads

A

V5, V4, II

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61
Q

Bispectral index

A

O
0-20
20-40
40-60
60-80
80-100

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62
Q

hold std for
monitoring anaesthetic depth

A

Midale latency auditory evoked potentials

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63
Q

Pulse oximetry is based on

A

Beer Lambert law

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64
Q

wavelengths used in
pulse oximetry

A

660 deoxy
940 oxy

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65
Q

False low reading pulse oximetry

A

meth Itb
methylene blue
indocyanine green
peripheral vasoconstriction
shivering
Badly positioned probe
Nail paints (Blue/ Black/ purple ‘

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66
Q

False high pulse oximetry reading

A

CO Hb

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67
Q

Capno graphy Normal

A

35-45 mm hg

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68
Q

cap no graphy
rebreathing

A

does not touch
base

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69
Q

Curare notch/ cleft

A

First spontaneous
lescashing effort under muscle relaxant
supplement more
relaxant

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70
Q

Shark fin appearance

A

Partially obstructed ETT
Obstructive lung
disease
COPD
Broncho spasm
upper amway obstruction

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71
Q

flat cap no

A

accidental extubation
disconnection ventilator failure
carctic arrest d

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72
Q

source of Co2 in stomach

A

aerated drinks
Bacterial metabolism
swallowed air

73
Q

Iv inducers

A

GABA agonist-4
MMDA antagonist -1

74
Q

inhaled inducers

A

h alothane
sevoflurane

75
Q

AOC inhalational inducers

A

sevoflurane

76
Q

Barbiturate used for
induction

A

Thiopentone

77
Q

AOL - ECT

A

Metho hexitone

78
Q

Eg. of phenecycline
derivative

A

ketamine

79
Q

site of action of
Thiopentone

A

RA S
immediate LOC

80
Q

site of action of ketamine

A

Thalamo cortical jn
hence dissociative
anaesthesia

81
Q

onset of action of Thiopentone

A

ultrafast 15-20s
I arm brain circulation time

82
Q

duration of action of
thiopentone

A

<20 mins
redistribution

83
Q

Cns effects of Thiopentone

A

decrease CBF ICP (Max) CMRO2
anti analgesic
anti epileptic

84
Q

Thiopentone
c| I in

A

k / C / o AlP and vari gate porphyria
hypovolaemic/
circulatory shock
statUs asthmaticus

85
Q

Aoc for raised ICP Sx

A

Thiopentone

86
Q

uses of thiopentone

A

Induction
Barbiturate coma
Nemoanalysis

87
Q

active form of ketamine

A

Liver- Norketamine

88
Q

ketamine’s effect on c Vs

A

indirect sympathomimetic “HR “ BP,,co

89
Q

ketamine effect on RS

A

max preservation of
respiration
max preservation of
airway reflexes
Max broncho dilation

90
Q

Why avoid ketamine in NSx

A

” ICP
“ CRO2
“ IOP
proconvulsant

91
Q

ketamine AO C for

A

acute shock
asthma
full stomach
PPH
feeld anaesthesia
pediatric pts
cganofic CHD
short and painful
- burns

92
Q

Ketamine c/ I

A

l HD AA head ingrye caused ICP
open eye sx
NS x
1/0 psychiatric illness

93
Q

Emergence delirium
associated with

A

ketamine

94
Q

E tomidate …… derivative

A

Imida zole

95
Q

max pain on injaction with
Why

A

Eto midare
propylene glycol

96
Q

Contents of Propofol

A

EGGS

97
Q

onset and duration
of action of propofol

A

15-20 secs
10 mins

98
Q

AOC for daycare Sx

A

Propofol

99
Q

AOC SAD insertion

A

propofol

100
Q

cardio stable induction agent

A

Etomid ate

101
Q

cars effects of Propofol

A

cerebral vasoconstrictor ,,ICP
,,cMROz
anti convulsant
antiemetic
anti prucritic?
No muscle relax?
Max decrease in 10P

102
Q

Proconvulsant inducers

A

ketamine Etomidate

103
Q

AOC induction cardiac pts

A

Etomidate

104
Q

Propofol infusion
syndrome

A

> 4 mg/ kgl hr
for > 48 hrs

105
Q

Mx . propofol infusion
syndrome

A

hemo dialysis
(PR ECHO

106
Q

MOA NDMR

A

competitive Antagonism @ nico tinic Ach receptors

107
Q

MOA DMR

A

pasteal agonist at Ach receptors

108
Q

Suxamethonium I scoline onset a duration

A

30-605
< 10 minutes

109
Q

dose scoline

A

1-1-5 my /kg

110
Q

Aoc tracheal intubation

A

S coline

111
Q

,,plasma cholinesterase

A

Liner failure
Renal failure
preg
drugs_ Neo stig mine
cyclophosphamide
Echo throophate

112
Q

scoline phase II block

A

7-10mg/kg
60 mins

113
Q

” drwalton of action - s coline

A

phase II block
hypothermia
,,enzyme
genetic abn@ or altered enzyme

114
Q

Dibucaine No

A

scolin e
co-10 40-60 20-40

115
Q

ADR_ scoline

A

brady cardia
fasciaaulations (-)
myalgia
“ ICP “10P
Masseter spasm
Trigger for malignant hyperthermia
histamine release
hyper k+

116
Q

Scolim C/ I

A

head ingkey malig hypothermia open eye injury, glaucoma heyper kalemia
Myotonica dystrophica pediatric < 8C?) Burns * scinjury, GBS, Tetanus I myopathy chronic dInnervation Stroke massive trauma

117
Q

curium

A

Benzyl iso quinnolum derivative
doxa dTC
adra cisatra
Ganta miva

118
Q

shortrest on longest curium

A

Ganta
Doxa

119
Q

Fastest NDMR

A

Rocuranium
60-90s

120
Q

long duration steroidal derivatives MDMR

A

Pan
Pipe

121
Q

max ragolytic action
among NDMR

A

pan

122
Q

MDMR- vago+
histamine -

A

Rocu ro nium

123
Q

Hist +
vago -
MDMR

A

Atra
Miva

124
Q

Bile/ urine excretion
ND MR

A

Rocuranium

125
Q

NDMR “ potency of

A

antibiotics - strep
Amikacin
Amino glycosides
Danteolene
Des> lso> sevo> Halo
Mgso4
forosemide

126
Q

MDMR,,potency of

A

antiepileptics
Ca20
cholinesterase inhibitors

127
Q

Indication NDMR

A

intubation
defasciccuelation
maintenance

128
Q

Laudon osine

A

metabolite of
ateacurium hoffman
elimination
THEORETICAL seizure induction

129
Q

NDMR that can replace
scolere for inthenation
but can cause pain on
inj

A

Rocu

130
Q

1sT MR used clinically

A

DTC
max hist amine release

131
Q

most potent
vagolytic MDMR

A

pan
old- Gallamine

132
Q

only MMDR metabolised
ley pseudo cholineesterase

A

MIVA
Aoc for day care Sx

133
Q

muscle relaxants that don’t need
dings for reversal

A

scoline
MIva
atra
cisatra

134
Q

MR that need drugs for reversal

A

cholinestuas inhibitors
anticholinergic

135
Q

sugamma dex

A

Roc vec reecesal agent

136
Q

most common nerve-muscle
combo tested in NM monitoring

A

ulnar
Adductor Pollicis
2nd_ facial
orbicullis oculi

137
Q

Gold std of recording N MJ monitori ngresponse

A

MM G
but m/c AmG

138
Q

use of 1 twitch

A

supra maxi mal
strength

139
Q

mc need pattern of
stimulation

A

Train of 4
4→ 2s 2HZ

140
Q

Duration b/w 2 stimulation in a TOF

A

0-5s

141
Q

duration b/w 2 TOF

A

10 S

142
Q

continuous stimulation or tetany

A

50-200 Hz
assess deeper levels of block

143
Q

TOF- R NDMR

A

0.4

144
Q

TOF R DMR

A

I- 1.0
I - 0:4

145
Q

intubate on what TOF count

A

0 / 1

146
Q

TOR- R 0-4 action

A

0.3-0-7 wait and watch

147
Q

reveesal and extubation on which TO_R

A

0.7
0.9

148
Q

PTC= O

A

intense block

149
Q

clinical signs of recovery

A

sustained head left
sustained leg lift
sustained hand grip
positive tongue depressor
test
Meg inspiratory pressure of
-40to-50 cms. water

150
Q

TIVA AOC for
maintenance

A

Propofol+ opiod
Remi fentanyl> Alfentanil > tentamyI

151
Q

Pure gases used for
maintenan ce

A

N20
Xe

152
Q

Fastest onset and recovery

A

Xenon 0.15

153
Q

slowwest onset and
recovery

A

Methoxy flurane

154
Q

increasing order of BG PC

A

Xe
Des
M20
sevo
1so
halo 2-4

155
Q

Fastest volatile agent

A

Des

156
Q

heast potent inhaled agent

A

NzO

157
Q

housest MAC) highest potency

A

Methoxy fleurane

158
Q

Decreasing order of MAC

A

NO (104)
Xe (70)
Des (6)
sevo (2)
1so (1.1)

159
Q

temperature potency

A

temperature <42 potency”ses
>42,,ses

160
Q

max MAC @

A

6 months

161
Q

liffect of electrolyte
on potency

A

Na decreases potency increases
Ca2 increases potency increases

162
Q

preg, all LA, all
anesthetic except cocaine

A

MAC decreases

163
Q

Effect of T S H on MAC

A

No role

164
Q

Metabo li sm sevo iso halo

A

5 %
0.2%
25 %

165
Q

all inhaled agents are myocardial depressants except

A

N20

166
Q

Effect of inhaled agents on
RS

A

“ses HR
,,ses Tidal volume
~ fast and shallow breaths

167
Q

seffect of inhalational
agents C N S

A

I’ses ICP
,,ses CMRO2 except NzO
muscle relax except N20
trigger malignant hyper exept NzO

168
Q

N20

A

’
..
-

169
Q

hong term exposun of
M20 causes

A

peripheral neuropathy
megaloblastic anemia
SACD
tera togens

170
Q

maximum level of agent in OT

A

M20 - <2 5 ppm
volatile agent w/o M20 - 2 ppm
W N20 0-5 ppm

171
Q

structures parsing through
SOF

A

3,4,6
V1

172
Q

Fink effect

A

During recovery from the anesthesia, when nitrous oxide is discontinued – large concentration of nitrous oxide diffuses back to the alveoli from the blood. This is due to low blood solubility of nitrous oxide (N2O) and results in:

Dilution of the inspired oxygen concentration and hypoxia.
Dilution of inspired carbon-dioxide concentration and subsequent decrease in arterial carbon dioxide concentration leading to reduction in respiratory drive.
First 10-15 mins

173
Q

Least potent

A

NzO

174
Q

Entonox

A

50%02
50% M20
dental anaesthesia
habour analgesia

175
Q

c/ i N zO

A

pneumothorax
pulm htm
air embolism
Intraocular
Tympanic
membrane
graft ….

176
Q

why xe ideal

A

Fastest onset and recoverBGC 0.15
inert analgesic
neuro cardio protective
No metabolism
No malignant
hyperthermia
no pollution

177
Q

halothane preservative

A

thymol

178
Q

only agent causing
brady

A

halothane

179
Q

inhalational agent
causing max
bronchochelation

A

halothane

NEET PG (6 decks)

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