anaerobic respiration

Question 1

stage one

Answer 1

glycolysis-
- conversion of glucose to pyruvate in the cytoplasm
- produces ATP and reduced NAD

Question 2

stage two

Answer 2

lactate fermentation-
- reduced NAD transfers hydrogen to pyruvate which is reduced to lactate
- reduced NAD has been oxidised and can be reused in glycolysis

Question 3

stage 3

Answer 3

once oxygen in available-
- lactate is converted back into pyruvate which can then be redirected to the aerobic respiration pathway
if no oxygen-
- lactate is converted into glycogen and stored in the muscle of liver

Question 4

anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 4

• lactate is made
• NAD is regenerated

Question 5

anaerobic respiration in non-animals

Answer 5

• ethanol and CO2 is made
• NAD is regenerated

Question 6

how do humans get rid of lactate

Answer 6

1. during lactate fermentation humans accumulate an oxygen dept
2. this is repaid asap by continued deep and rapid breathing
3. the oxygen absorbed is used to oxidise the lactate to carbon dioxide and water via the Kreb’s cycle
4. some lactate may also be converted back to glucose then glycogen and then stored