Anaerobes Flashcards
common features of anaerobic infections
1 many abcesses originate from native flora, of which anaerobes are a major part
2 anaerobic are characterized by foul smelling discharge, gas, and necrotic tissue
3 predisposing conditions- aspiration, bowel surgery, dental hygiene, abortion, bites, trauma, malignancy
4 occur deep in tissues
5 almost all anaerobic infections are mixed w/ other anaerobes or microaerophilic organisms
what bacteria cause CNS infections
anaerobes
oral anerobes
aerobes
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus
what bacteria cause chronic otitis media
anaerobes
oral anaerobes
aerobes
pseudomonas a
staphylococcus
what bacteria cause dental infections
anaerobes prevotella fuscobacterium nucleatum peptostreptococcus actinomyces
aerobes
staphylococcus
streptococcus
what bacteria cause lung infections
anaerobes
prevotella
fusobacterium
peptostreptococcus
aerobes
staphylococcus
streptococcus
enterobactericeae
what bacteria cause peritonitis
anaerobes bacteroides fragilis fusobacterium peptostreptococcus clostridium
aerobes e coli proteus klebsiella pseudomonas a. group d streptococcus
what bacteria cause liver and subphrenic abscesses
anaerobes
colonic flora
aerobes
staphylococcus
enterobactericeae
pseudomonas
what bacteria cause OBGYN infection
anaerobes
colonic flora
aerobes
group B streptococcus
e coli
staphylococcus
what bacteria cause perirectal abscesses
anaerobes
colonic flora
aerobes
staphylococcus
what bacteria cause skin and muscle infections
anerobes
clostridium
aerobes
staphylococcus
streptococcus
e coli
most anaerobic infections are caused by endogenous flora, and can be predicted by knowledge of normal anerobic flora located near the site of infection
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importance of the diaphragm
bacteroides fragilis is pencillin resistant and found below the diaphragm
oral infections
penicillin sensitive, gram positive cocci
intraabdominal infections
penicllin resistant, gram negative rods
media needed for anerobic growth
thioglycollate broth
anaerobic gram negative rods
bacteroides fragilis
prevotella melaninogenicus
fusobacterium
bacteroides fragilis
most common anaerobic gram neg rod
found in large numbers in large intestine
resists bacteriocidal action of bile
causes septicemia
penicillin resistant
capsule is major virulence factor
prevotella melaninogenicus
anaerobic gram neg rod
common in oral infectinos, serious agent of periodontal disease
sensitive to peniccilin
black pigment formed on blood agar plate
fusobacterium
gram negative rods
have tapered ends (needle shape) and very thin
sensitive to penicillin and oxygen sensitive
important in oral infections, pulmonary infections, and abdominal infections
nonspore forming gram pos rods
bifidobacterium corynebacterium lactobacillus actinomyces clostridia
bifidobacterium
gram pos rods
found in large numbers in normal large intestine
does not cause infections, used in probiotics
corynebacterium
gram pos rod
causes diptheria, otherwise ot usually involved in infections
lactobacillus
gram pos rod
normal flora of intestine and vagina
non pathogen
important for maintaining pH that is productive
actinomyces
gram pos rods- branching
causes dental abcess, lung abcess, abdominal abcess, and sinusitis
some are aerotolerant
found in mouth and GI
sulfur granules seen in lesions
anaerobic gram positive cocci
peptostreptococcus
peptococcus
peptostreptococcus
anaerobic gram pos
normal flora of mouth, urogenitals, and GI tract
causes many infections- brain abscesses, pulmonary, obgyn
peptococcus
gram pos anaerobes
oral, upper respiratory and gut flora
involved in oral, lung, and abdominal abscesses
treatments of anaerobic infections
pencillin- except for bacteroides fragilis
clindamycin
newer cephalosporins
chloramphenicol
metronidazole
if mixed, use w/ aminoglycosides
surgical drainage of abscesses
