Anaemia Overview

Question 1

What are the causes of anaemia in bone marrow?

Answer 1

• Hb synthesis (Thalassemia, Sickle Cell)

- Erythropoiesis (bone marrow failure, erythropoietin deficiency)

Question 2

What are the causes of anaemia arising from peripheral RBCs?

Answer 2

• Metabolism (enzyme deficiencies)
• Structure (Hereditary Spherocytosis)
• Blood loss/haemolysis

Question 3

What are the causes of anaemia arising from removal?

Answer 3

• Hypersplenism

Question 4

What are the causes of a microcytic anaemia?

Answer 4

• IDA
• Thalassemia
• ACD

Question 5

What are the causes of a normocytic anaemia?

Answer 5

• Acute blood loss
• ACD
• Hypothyroidism
• Pregnancy
• Renal failure
• Bone marrow failure

Question 6

What are the causes of a macrocytic anaemia?

Answer 6

• Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
• Liver disease
• Alcohol excess
• Hypothyroidism
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Antifolate drugs (i.e. methotrexate)