An/Phys - Skeletal System Flashcards
Functions
Skeletal System
Support
Protection
Movement
Storage
Blood cell production and formation
Structures of a Long Bone
Diaphysis
main shaft of a long bone
constructed of thick bone
in adults, middle cavity contains yellow marrow
Structures of a Long Bone
Epiphysis
expanded ends of long bone
joint surface covered with thin layer of hyaline cartilage
Structures of a Long Bone
Metaphysis
disk of cartilage between diaphysis and epiphysis in children
growth center where new cartilage is formed and turned into bone
remnants in adults becomes the epiphyseal line
Structures of a Long Bone
Epiphyseal Line
line between diaphysis and epiphysis formed from remnants of the metaphysis
Structures of a Long Bone
Hyaline Cartilage
absorbs shock and reduces friction in the joints
thin layer covers joint surface of epiphysis
Structures of a Long Bone
Periosteum
layer of specialized connective tissue covering the bone
outer layer of dense, fibrous connective tissue is attachment site for tendons and ligaments
inner layer consists of cells that help produce bone
richly supplied with nerve fibers, lymphatics, and blood vessels
List
Types of Bone
(2)
Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Types of Bone
Compact Bone
very dense and hard bone tissue found near surface of bone
Definition
Osteon
basic structural unit of the compact bone
Types of Bone
Spongy Bone
cancellous bone found in epiphysis and inner layer of diaphysis
composed of trabeculae
Definition
Trabeculae
network of thin strands of bone that form the spaces within the spongy bone
as infants these spaces are filled with red marrow
as adults these spaces are filled with yellow marrow
Definition
Ossification
the process of bone tissue formation
Bone Formation
Endochondral Bone Development
bone formation where hyaline cartilage is used as patterns for bonce construction
Structures of a Long Bone
Intramembranous Bone
bone developed in a non-cartilage connective tissue
