An/Phys - Digestive System

Question 1

Functions

Digestive System

Answer 1

ingestion

digestion

absorption

elimination

Question 2

Digestive Pathway

List route of food through the digestive system

Answer 2

Mouth

Pharynx/Throat

Esophagus

Stomach

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

Rectum

Anus

Question 3

Definition

Mouth

Answer 3

Proximal end of digestive tract

teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion

saliva begins chemical digestion via enzymes

chewed food becomes a bolus

Question 4

Definition

pharynx/throat

Answer 4

cavity behind mouth where bolus is passed to the esophogus and air to the trachea

Question 5

Definition

esophogus

Answer 5

muscular tube posterior to the trachea

moves bolus to stomach via peristalisis

bolus outlets through cardiac sphincter

Question 6

Definition

stomach

Answer 6

large, J shaped muscular organ w rugae

churns and mashes bolus 3-4 hours

bolus turns to chyme

chyme passes through pyloric sphincter to small intestine

Question 7

Definition

bolus

Answer 7

ball of food chewed and mashed by teeth and tongue

Question 8

Definition

chyme

Answer 8

soupy mixture made from mashed and churned bolus

Question 9

Definition

rugae

Answer 9

folds inside of stomach

Question 10

Definition

small intestine

Answer 10

20ft long organ lined with villi

site of majority of nutrient absorption

digestion assisted via juices secreted by liver and pancreas

product passes through ileocecal valve to large intestine

Question 11

Definition

villi

Answer 11

numerous hair-like protrusions from the lining of the small intestine that increase surface area for maximum absoption

Question 12

Definition

cardiac sphincter

Answer 12

muscular outlet through which bolus passes from the esophagus to the stomach

Question 13

Definition

pyloric sphincter

Answer 13

muscular outlet through which chyme passes from the stomach to the small intestine

Question 14

Definition

ileocecal valve

Answer 14

valve through which digestive material passes from the small intestine to the large inestine

Question 15

Definition

large intestine

Answer 15

aka colon

tubular organ consisting of the:

ascending colon

transverse colon

descending colon

sigmoid colon

most water absorption happens here

produces vitamins K, Bs

incubates bacteria

passes product to rectum

Question 16

Definition

rectum

Answer 16

stores undigested food and waste products

passes such products through anus

Question 17

Definition

anus

Answer 17

distal end and outlet of digestive tract

Question 18

Functions

ingestion

digestion

absorption

elimination

Answer 18

Digestive System

Question 19

Definition

Proximal end of digestive tract

teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion

saliva begins chemical digestion via enzymes

chewed food becomes a bolus

Answer 19

Mouth

Question 20

Definition

cavity behind mouth where bolus is passed to the esophogus and air to the trachea

Answer 20

pharynx/throat

Question 21

Definition

muscular tube posterior to the trachea

moves bolus to stomach via peristalisis

bolus outlets through cardiac sphincter

Answer 21

esophogus

Question 22

Definition

large, J shaped muscular organ w rugae

churns and mashes bolus 3-4 hours

bolus turns to chyme

chyme passes through pyloric sphincter to small intestine

Answer 22

stomach

Question 23

Definition

ball of food chewed and mashed by teeth and tongue

Answer 23

bolus

Question 24

Definition

soupy mixture made from mashed and churned bolus

Answer 24

chyme

Question 25

# Definition folds inside of stomach

Answer 25

rugae

Question 26

# Definition 20ft long organ lined with villi site of majority of nutrient absorption digestion assisted via juices secreted by liver and pancreas product passes through ileocecal valve to large intestine

Answer 26

small intestine

Question 27

# Definition numerous hair-like protrusions from the lining of the small intestine that increase surface area for maximum absoption

Answer 27

villi

Question 28

# Definition muscular outlet through which bolus passes from the esophagus to the stomach

Answer 28

cardiac sphincter

Question 29

# Definition muscular outlet through which chyme passes from the stomach to the small intestine

Answer 29

pyloric sphincter

Question 30

# Definition valve through which digestive material passes from the small intestine to the large inestine

Answer 30

ileocecal valve

Question 31

# Definition aka colon tubular organ consisting of the: ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon most water absorption happens here produces vitamins K, Bs incubates bacteria passes product to rectum

Answer 31

large intestine

Question 32

# Definition stores undigested food and waste products passes such products through anus

Answer 32

rectum

Question 33

# Definition distal end and outlet of digestive tract

Answer 33

anus