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Final - Western Segment > An/Phys - Digestive System > Flashcards

An/Phys - Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions

Digestive System

A

ingestion

digestion

absorption

elimination

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2
Q

Digestive Pathway

List route of food through the digestive system

A

Mouth

Pharynx/Throat

Esophagus

Stomach

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

Rectum

Anus

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3
Q

Definition

Mouth

A

Proximal end of digestive tract

teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion

saliva begins chemical digestion via enzymes

chewed food becomes a bolus

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4
Q

Definition

pharynx/throat

A

cavity behind mouth where bolus is passed to the esophogus and air to the trachea

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5
Q

Definition

esophogus

A

muscular tube posterior to the trachea

moves bolus to stomach via peristalisis

bolus outlets through cardiac sphincter

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6
Q

Definition

stomach

A

large, J shaped muscular organ w rugae

churns and mashes bolus 3-4 hours

bolus turns to chyme

chyme passes through pyloric sphincter to small intestine

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7
Q

Definition

bolus

A

ball of food chewed and mashed by teeth and tongue

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8
Q

Definition

chyme

A

soupy mixture made from mashed and churned bolus

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9
Q

Definition

rugae

A

folds inside of stomach

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10
Q

Definition

small intestine

A

20ft long organ lined with villi

site of majority of nutrient absorption

digestion assisted via juices secreted by liver and pancreas

product passes through ileocecal valve to large intestine

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11
Q

Definition

villi

A

numerous hair-like protrusions from the lining of the small intestine that increase surface area for maximum absoption

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12
Q

Definition

cardiac sphincter

A

muscular outlet through which bolus passes from the esophagus to the stomach

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13
Q

Definition

pyloric sphincter

A

muscular outlet through which chyme passes from the stomach to the small intestine

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14
Q

Definition

ileocecal valve

A

valve through which digestive material passes from the small intestine to the large inestine

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15
Q

Definition

large intestine

A

aka colon

tubular organ consisting of the:

ascending colon

transverse colon

descending colon

sigmoid colon

most water absorption happens here

produces vitamins K, Bs

incubates bacteria

passes product to rectum

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16
Q

Definition

rectum

A

stores undigested food and waste products

passes such products through anus

17
Q

Definition

anus

A

distal end and outlet of digestive tract

18
Q

Functions

ingestion

digestion

absorption

elimination

A

Digestive System

19
Q

Definition

Proximal end of digestive tract

teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion

saliva begins chemical digestion via enzymes

chewed food becomes a bolus

A

Mouth

20
Q

Definition

cavity behind mouth where bolus is passed to the esophogus and air to the trachea

A

pharynx/throat

21
Q

Definition

muscular tube posterior to the trachea

moves bolus to stomach via peristalisis

bolus outlets through cardiac sphincter

A

esophogus

22
Q

Definition

large, J shaped muscular organ w rugae

churns and mashes bolus 3-4 hours

bolus turns to chyme

chyme passes through pyloric sphincter to small intestine

A

stomach

23
Q

Definition

ball of food chewed and mashed by teeth and tongue

A

bolus

24
Q

Definition

soupy mixture made from mashed and churned bolus

A

chyme

25
Q

Definition

folds inside of stomach

A

rugae

26
Q

Definition

20ft long organ lined with villi

site of majority of nutrient absorption

digestion assisted via juices secreted by liver and pancreas

product passes through ileocecal valve to large intestine

A

small intestine

27
Q

Definition

numerous hair-like protrusions from the lining of the small intestine that increase surface area for maximum absoption

A

villi

28
Q

Definition

muscular outlet through which bolus passes from the esophagus to the stomach

A

cardiac sphincter

29
Q

Definition

muscular outlet through which chyme passes from the stomach to the small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

30
Q

Definition

valve through which digestive material passes from the small intestine to the large inestine

A

ileocecal valve

31
Q

Definition

aka colon

tubular organ consisting of the:

ascending colon

transverse colon

descending colon

sigmoid colon

most water absorption happens here

produces vitamins K, Bs

incubates bacteria

passes product to rectum

A

large intestine

32
Q

Definition

stores undigested food and waste products

passes such products through anus

A

rectum

33
Q

Definition

distal end and outlet of digestive tract

A

anus

Final - Western Segment (10 decks)

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