An Introduction to Luminal GI imaging Flashcards
Name imaging that has ionising raditiation
- X ray plain film
- CT
- Fluoroscopy
- Nuclear Medicine
Name imaging that is non-ionising radiation
- MRI
- ultrasound
Name the types of anatomical planes
- Coronal plane
- Sagittal plane
- transverse plane
What does fluoroscopy do
- uses contrast to highlight the internal structures
Name the type of CT
- portovenous - standard CT and contrast
- CT KUB - low dose and no contrast - good for looking for calcified stones
- Angiogram - to look at aorta and arteries
What happens in functional imaging
- the tracer will accumulate in areas of high metabolic activity
what does luminal GI anatomy entail
- oropharynx
- larynx
- oesophagus and stomach
- small bowel - jejunum and ileum
- large bowel - colon adn appendix
- accompanying mesenteries
what does large bowel look like in the CT
- contains haustrations
What does the small bowel look like in the CT
- folds are frequent in the jejnum and become less frequent in the ileum
- attached by mesentery
What structures lie in the retroperitoneum
- D2
- D3
- Ascending colon
- descending colon
- rectum
- adrenal glands
- aorta
- IVC
- pancreas except tail, ureters and kidneys
What structures are intraperitoneal
- stomach
- D1
- D4
- Jejunum
- ileum
- transvere colon
- sigmoid colon
what does the imaging modality selection depend upon
- clinical question
- clinical status of patient
- body habitus
- availability
- expertise
- pregnancy
what imaging should you use in bowel obstruction/perforation
- AXR
- CT (just in case you cannot see the fluid filled bowel on the AXR)
what imaging should you use in ruptured AAA
CT (US for surveillance)
What imaging should you use in inflammatory bowel disease
- US/MRI enterography
What imaging should you use in renal colic
CT KUB
what is CT KUB only used for
- renal/ureteric calculi
what contrast do you use in the upper GI tract
- contrast swallow (omnipaque) or chest CT and oral contrast
How would you do a contast study in the lower GI
- CE CT and with oral contrast if tolerated
what do you do to look at colorectal cancer
- CT
- MRI
What do you use to look for gastric and oesophageal cancer
- CT
- PET-CT
- Laparoscopy
for any luminal GI cancer what is the gold standard
- Endoscopy - only way to take a biospy and diagnose a cancer
