Amyloid Flashcards
Amyloid
A pathogenic accumulation of cross pleated ß-sheets, not a distinct chemical entity. Formed by several protofilament cores. Continuous nonbranching fibers
Amyloidosis
A group of diseases with deposition of amyloid via different pathogenic mechanisms.
What does amyloid look like histologically?
Pink, glassy, hyaline, pretty uniform and acellular
Functional reserve
The number of cells that can be lost before there is a functional deficit.
How to stain amyloid?
Congo red. Looks pinkish under normal light, looks apple green under polarized light.
What is the functional disruption caused by amyloid?
Pressure atrophy.
AL
From Ig light chains, created by monoclonal plasma cells. Limited proteolysis occurs.
AA
Serum amyloid associated protein, created by liver cells (acute phase response) in response to chronic inflammation. Limited proteolysis occurs.
Aß
APP, form cerebral plaques. An example of localized amyloidosis.
ATTR
Transthyretin, hereditary mutation, aggregation occurs.
Primary systemic distribution
Occurs in multiple tissues from plasma cell proliferation, clinically unrecognized regions. AL
Secondary systemic distribution
Secondary amyloidosis due to a chronic inflammatory disorder. AA
Amyloid in the heart causes…
Loss of compliance.
