Amputations and Prosthetics Flashcards
T or F: Amputations only occur in older individuals.
False; Amputation may occur at any age
Amputations may be a result of what three things?
–Systemic disease ( vascular disease, tumors, or infection)
–Trauma/ injury (accidents, machinery injury and MVA)
–Malformation (congenital: limb missing or partial developed)
T or F: Occupational therapy aims to assist the individual in attaining their optimal level of function and independence following amputations.
True
T or F: Amputations are caused only because they are acquired.
False; they are acquired and congenital
T or F: Limb deformities occurring before birth are common.
False; it’s rare
T or F: Acquired causation are malformations of limbs at the fetal stage of development
False; congenital causation
T or F: Acquired caustation are secondary to chronic medical conditions or severe trauma
• Environmental injury, Land mines
True
What is the incidence and prevalence of amputations?
- Greater than 150,000 persons in the US
- Incidence or Upper extremity amputation is quite low compared to the lower extremity
- Ratio of 1 to 3, arm to leg amputations
- 57% are of UE amputations are transradial
- Disease process is the primary cause for LE
- PVD
- DM
- Trauma causes 20% of LE amputations
- 5 percent of these due to tumors
What causes 20% of LE amputations?
Trauma
What is a systemic condition which accounts for majority of limb amputations?
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
Which arterial disease impairs circulation?
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
What does PVD have co-morbidities with?
HTN and DM
T or F: PVD has a good prognosis.
False; Prognosis is poor as circulation to the other limb is usually impaired
An amputation will only be preformed as a life saving measure with what disease?
Malignancy and incurable bone disease (bone cancer and osteomyelitis)
T or F: Adverse side effects of chemotherapy or radiation can affect rehabilitation
True
T or F: Adverse side effects of chemotherapy or radiation can affect rehabilitation
True
T or F: High level amputations radically reduces body mass and affects the center of gravity as well as balance
True
T or F: Autonomic system also needs to adjust to reductions of skin area
True
What is the second most common cause of amputation?
Acquired (Trauma)
What are some causes of an acquired (trauma) amputation?
industrial injuries, severe burns, MVA, gun shot, and inadequate healing
T or F: Impaired healing does not delay prosthetic fitting
False; it may
T or F: Crush injuries affect all soft tissues as well as causing fracture.
True; damages peripheral nerves, blood vessels, muscle and ligaments
T or F: Crush injuries may tear ligaments and damage proximal joints damaging tissue at site of amputation.
False; traction injuries
T or F: Proximal joint damage or instability in a tranction injury may limit the choice of prosthesis
True
What type of amputation is a type of severance of a limb in which the proximal joints and muscles are intact?
Guillotine (acquired)
Which type of amputation may provide the best potential for rehabilitation providing the wound is not contaminated
Guillotine (acquired)
T or F: Delayed healing may affect reconstructive surgery which is important for upper limb amputees
True
T or F: ROM can be quickly lost with prolonged periods of immobility
True
T or F: Amputations as a result of burns have serious tissue damage.
True
T or F: Thermal burns may require skin grafting and scar tissue formation may limit joint mobility and reduce the extensibility of affected muscle tissue.
True
T or F: High voltage electrical burns dont cause deep tissue damage
False; they do cause this type of damage
What is common and occurs in virtually all cases of amputation?
Phantom limb sensation
What does phantom limb sensation mean?
Amputee has the sensation that the missing limb is still present
How may the limb be feeling with phantom limb sensation?
The limb may feel hot, cold sweaty
When does phantom limb sensation happen?
Can occur almost immediately after surgery and last for years
T or F: Phantom limb sensation causes increased anxiety and if able should be explained to patient prior to surgery
True
T or F: Phantom limb pain should be included in the OT assessment
True
T or F: PLP is more serious of a problem than PLS
True
T or F: PLP affects only a small number of amputees but has major functional implications
True
T or F: Patients may suffer pain ( stabbing, burning, squeezing and crushing) which can vary in frequency, intensity and duration
True
When does PLP start?
Onset may not occur for weeks or years
T or F: PLP may be linked to psychosocial and physiological symptoms
True
