Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Small Animal Surgery > Amputation and Arthrodesis > Flashcards

Amputation and Arthrodesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is: a surgical treatment leading to joint fusion?

A

Arthrodesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is: a non-surgical condition leading to joint fusion?

A

Ankylosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is: the removal of an appendage, or a portion thereof?

A

Amputation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 major indications for arthrodesis?

A
  1. Irreparable fracture of the joint
  2. A chronically unstable joint
  3. Chronic, severe degenerative joint disease
  4. Neurologic injury causing partial paralysis of the limb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which joint is NOT amenable to arthrodesis?

A

Hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 4 alternatives to arthrodesis?

A
  1. Medical management
  2. Total joint replacement
  3. Excision arthoplasty
  4. Amputation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 4 major principles to a successful arthrodesis?

A
  1. Articular cartilage removal
  2. Bone graft
  3. Joint fusion at an anatomic standing angle
  4. Rigid fixation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

For a successful arthrodesis, you’ll want to remove the articular cartilage and expose the ___ ___.

A

Subchondral bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bone grafts are used in arthrodesis to speed the formation of what?

A

Callus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the advantage to callus formation in an arthrodesis joint?

A

Decrease of implant fatigue and implant failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following stimulates bone healing and inducting other cells to come into the area: osteogenesis, osteoconduction, osteoinduction, osteopromotion?

A

ALL OF THE ABOVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 sources from which you can get an autogenous cancellous bone graft?

A
  1. Proximal humerus
  2. Distal femur
  3. Proximal tibia
  4. Ilial wing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the name of the instrument used intraoperatively to measure the anatomic standing angle of a joint?

A

Goniometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: The arthrodesis will not heal if it is not rigidly fixed.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Following an amputation, for how long should you support that limb with external coaptation?

A

6-8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For how long should that limb be in a splint?

A

The first 4-6 weeks

17
Q

For how long should that limb be in a soft padded wrap?

A

The remaining 2-4 weeks

18
Q

What are the 3 indications for a carpal arthrodesis?

A
  1. Carpal hyperextension injury
  2. Shearing injury
  3. Carpal luxation
19
Q

What are 3 indications for a pantarsal arthrodesis?

A
  1. Severe loss of bone and soft tissues
  2. Rupture of the common calcaneon tendon
  3. Talocrural luxation
20
Q

A tourniquet may not be applied for more than ___ hours.

A

1.5 hours

21
Q

True or False: A tourniquet has no effect on infection rate.

A

FALSE: A tourniquet can increase infection rate

22
Q

What are 4 complications associated with arthrodesis?

A
  1. Infection
  2. Implant loosening
  3. Fracture of bone above or below implant
  4. Irritation by the plate
23
Q

True or False: The owner should expect a gait abnormality following an arthrodesis.

A

TRUE

24
Q

What are 4 specific indications for amputation?

A
  1. Neoplasia
  2. Severe vascular injury (gangrene, trauma)
  3. Neurological injury
  4. Intractable pain
25
Q

What are the 5 important principles of amputation?

A
  1. Gentle tissue handling
  2. Careful hemostasis
  3. Respect to nervous tissue
  4. Closure of dead space
  5. Aggressive pain management
26
Q

Prior to an amputation, which 2 examinations must you complete, in addition to the general physical exam?

A
  1. Orthopedic exam

2. Neurologic exam

27
Q

What is a full amputation of the front limb called?

A

Forequarter amputation

28
Q

What is a full amputation of the hindlimb called?

A

Coxofemoral disarticulation

29
Q

A mid-femoral amputation requires a ____ of the femur.

A

Osteotomy

30
Q

What are 4 reasons for a digit amputation?

A
  1. Neoplasia
  2. Trauma
  3. Infection
  4. Mutilation
31
Q

Is declawing considered to be an amputation, yes or no? Why or why not?

A

Yes - P3 has the nail bed, so you are removing P3 and the ungual crest

32
Q

What 3 analgesics might you use IV for an amputation?

A
  1. Ketamine
  2. Opioids (morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl)
  3. Lidocaine
33
Q

Describe the care for an amputation post-operatively.

A
  1. Pain management
  2. Weight management
  3. Exercise restriction
  4. Sling for support
  5. Ice/warm pack
  6. AND address other orthopedic conditions
34
Q

What are 4 general complications associated with an amputation?

A
  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Seroma
  3. Incision site infection
  4. Incisional dehiscence
35
Q

What are the general outcomes of an amputation? What will you tell a client?

A

Most dogs have excellent function and quality of life. They may be limited by other orthopedic, neurologic, or medical conditions, but the amputation will not be the life-limiting factor in these dogs!

36
Q

Neoplasia limits lifespan. In this case, amputations are best used in conjunction with ____.

A

Chemotherapy

37
Q

The risk of complications can ___ with careful patient selection and by following good surgical principles.

A

Decrease

Small Animal Surgery (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions