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AQA Chemistry > Amount of substance > Flashcards

Amount of substance Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula and charge on Sulfate

A

Sulfate SO42-

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2
Q

What is the formula and charge on Nitrate

A

Nitrate NO3-

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3
Q

What is the formula and charge on Carbonate

A

Carbonate CO32-

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4
Q

What is the formula and charge on Hydroxide

A

Hydroxide OH-

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5
Q

What is the formula and charge on Ammonium

A

Ammonium NH4+

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6
Q

What is the formula of Water

A

Water H2O

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7
Q

What is the formula of Methane

A

Methane CH4

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8
Q

What is the formula of Ammonia

A

Ammonia NH3

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9
Q

What is the formula of Hydrogen peroxide

A

Hydrogen peroxide H2O2

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10
Q

What is meant by empirical formula

A

Empirical formula – the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound.

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11
Q

What is meant by molecular formula

A

Molecular formula – the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of the substance.

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12
Q

What is meant by ionic equation.

A

Ionic equation – shows only the substances (can be covalent) taking part and being made in the reaction.

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13
Q

What is meant by spectator ions

A

Spectator ions - Ions which do not take part in the reaction.

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14
Q

What is meant by the mole

A

The mole – the amount of a substance that contains the number of particles equal to the Avogadro constant.

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15
Q

What is meant by relative formula mass RFM

A

Relative formula mass RFM– The total of the relative molecular mass (Mr).

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16
Q

What is meant by molar mass

A

Molar mass – the mass of 1 mole.

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17
Q

What is meant by avogadro constant

A

Avogadro constant – the number of particles in one mole.

18
Q

What is meant by theoretical yield

A

Theoretical yield – The amount in moles or mass you would expect to be produced if the reaction goes to completion.

19
Q

What is meant by actual yield

A

Actual yield – The amount in moles or mass you obtain experimentally.

20
Q

What is meant by standard solution

A

Standard solution – a solution of a known concentration.

21
Q

Why you don’t get 100% yield

A

Loss from transferring between containers

22
Q

How do you calculate empirical formula

A

Write out the mass of the elements.

23
Q

How do you do a reacting mass calculation?

A
  1. Calculate the number of moles by dividing the mass by the Mr.
24
Q

How do you make a standard solution?

A

Weigh out accurately the mass of your solid.

25
Q

How do you do a titration?

A

Rinse equipment with deionised water then the solution you will be filling it with.

26
Q

How do you do a back titration?

A

React a insoluble solid e.g. Group II oxide, carbonate etc with known volume of excess hydrochloric acid.

27
Q

How do you calculate % error?

A

Error / reading x 100.

28
Q

What colour is Phenolphthalein in acidic solutions

A

colourless

29
Q

What colour is Phenolphthalein in alkaline solutions

A

pink

30
Q

What colour is Methyl orange in acidic solutions

A

Red

31
Q

What colour is Methyl orange in alkaline solutions

A

Yellow

32
Q

Which titrations are Phenolphthalein suitable for?

A

Strong acid – strong base

33
Q

Which titrations are Methyl orange suitable for?

A

Strong acid- strong base

34
Q

How do you work out the number of moles of a solid?

A

Number of moles = mass / molecular mass

35
Q

How do you work out the number of moles of a liquid?

A

Number of moles = volumes x concentration

36
Q

How do you work out the number of moles of a solid?

A

Number of moles = volume / 24dm3

37
Q

How can you calculate number of moles using Avogadro’s number?

A

Amount (in moles) = number of particles / Avogadro constant

38
Q

How do you calculate % yield?

A

Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100

39
Q

How do you calculate atom economy?

A

Atom economy = Relative formula mass of desired products / relative formula mass of all products X 100

40
Q

What is the ideal gas equation?

A

pV=nRT

41
Q

What are the units in the ideal gas equation?

A

P=pressure (Pa) (NOT kPa)

42
Q

What is the number for the Avogadro’s constant?

A

The Avogadro constant (L) = 6.02x1023

AQA Chemistry (13 decks)

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