Amount of Substance Flashcards
Acid + Base –> _____+_____
Salt + water
Acid + Carbonate –> ____+____+____
salt + water + carbon dioxide
ionic equation for neutralisation
acid and base
H+ (aq) + OH-(aq) –> H20 (l)
ionic equation for neutralisation
acid and carbonate
2H+(aq) + CO3 2-(aq) –> H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
ionic equation for neutralisation (acid and hydrogencarbonate )
H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) -> H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
ionic equation for neutralisation
acid and ammonia
H+(aq) + NH3(aq) -> NH4+(aq) compound
spectator ions
ions not involved in a reaction involving ionic compounds dissolved in water
mass and mole formula
moles = mass (g) / Mr
moles and concentration formula
no. of moles = conc. (mol/dm3) x vol. (dm3)
ideal gas equation and what are they measured in?
PV = nRT P (Pa) V (M3) n (no. of moles) R (8.31) T (K)
what assumptions are made in the ideal gas equation?
molecules/atoms exert no force on each other
they don’t react when they collide
they occupy negligible volume
what is relative atomic mass of an atom
the average mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12 the relative atomic mass of an atom of carbon-12
what is the relative molecular mass of a molecule?
the mass of a molecule compared to 1/12 the relative atomic mass of an atom of carbon-12
what is the atom economy of a reaction?
a ratio of the mass of desired product to the mass of all products
how do you calculate atom economy?
(Mr of mass of desired product/Mr or mass of all products) x100
what are concordant titres?
titres within 0.1cm3 of each other
what is the empirical formula of a substance?
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a substance
Avogadro’s’ constant?
the number of particles in one mole of an atom : 6.022 x 10^23
what is a solvent?
a liquid that can have a substance dissolved into it
what is a solute?
a solid that can be dissolved
what is a solution?
a solute dissolved in a solvent
what is Boyle’s law?
product of pressure and volume is constant as long as temperature remains constant
pressure x volume = constant
Gay-Lussac’s law?
the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume is constant
(pressure x volume) / temperature = constant for a fixed mass of a gas
Charles’ law?
volume is proportional to temperature as long as the pressure remains constant
volume / temperature = constant
what is stoichiometry?
the ratio in which the reactants react and products are produced in simple whole numbers
what is the molecular formula?
the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
what is percentage yield?
actual output / predicted output x 100
