Amount of substance Flashcards
Amount of substance definition
The quantity which has one mole as the unit, used as a means of counting any species such as atoms, ions and molecules.
Mole definition
the amount of any substance containing as many elementary particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope, this is 6.02 x 10^23
Avagadros constant definition
The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope, 6.02 x 10^23
Molar gas volume definition
the volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temperature and pressure
what is the triangle for with moles, mass and Mr?
Mass = moles x Mr
what is the triangle for with moles, molar gas volume, and volume of gas?
volume = moles x 24
what is the triangle for with moles, concentration and volume?
moles = concentration x volume
what is the triangle for with moles, number of particles and avagadros constant?
number of particles =moles x 6.02 x 10^23
Empirical formula definition
The formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound
Molecular formula definition
A formula that shows the number and types of atoms of each element present in a molecule
water of crystallisation definition
water molecules that are bonded into the crystalline structure of a compound
hydrated definition
a crystalline compound containing water molecules
anhydrous definition
containing no water molecules
concentration definition
the amount of solute, in moles, dissolved in 1dm^3 of solution
mass concentration equation
mass in grams/volume in dm^3
how to convert from concentration to mass concentration
concentration x Mr
how to convert mass concentration to normal concentration
mass concentration / Mr
how do you know what is in excess?
the one with the most moles
how to work out what’s in excess
moles / balancing number
limiting reagent definition
the reactant that is not in excess, and will all reused up and stop the reaction
what determines how much product is made?
the moles of the limiting reagent
what is the ideal gas equation?
PV = nRT
ideal gas equation units
Pressure in Pa
Volume in m^3
n is moles
Temperature in K
dm^3 and cm^3 to m^3
dm^3/1000
cm^3/1000000
