amoebas

Question 1

The most important feature that separates amebas from the other groups of unicellular Protozoa is

Answer 1

the means by which they move.

Question 2

Amoebas are equipped with the ability to extend their cytoplasm in the form

Answer 2

of pseudopods (false feet), which allows them move within their environment.

Question 3

Trophozoites

Answer 3

the form that feeds, multiplies, and possesses pseudopods

Question 4

Cysts

Answer 4

the nonfeeding stage characterized by a thick protective cell wall designed to protect the parasite from the harsh outside environment

Question 5

The morphologic conversion from the cyst form into the trophozoite form, occurs in the ileocecal area of the intestine.

Answer 5

Excystation

Question 6

The conversion of trophozoite to cysts.

Answer 6

Encystation

Question 7

often show motility of the amebic trophozoites.

Answer 7

Saline wet preparations

Question 8

The internal cytoplasmic, as well as the nuclear structures, may be more readily seen with the use of

Answer 8

iodine wet preparations

Question 9

In the United States, amebiasis is often found in

Answer 9

immigrants from and people who have traveled to underdeveloped countries.

Question 10

The trophozoite exhibits rapid, unidirectional, progressive movement.

Answer 10

Entamoeba histolytica troph

Question 11

The nucleus contains a small central mass of chromatin known as a karyosome (karyosomal chromatin).

Answer 11

Entamoeba histolytica troph

Question 12

The karyosome is surrounded by peripheral chromatin.

Answer 12

Entamoeba histolytica troph

Question 13

Entamoeba histolytica troph no. of nuclei

Answer 13

1

Question 14

Entamoeba histolytica trophcytoplasmic inclusion

Answer 14

ingested rbc

Question 15

Entamoeba histolytica troph cytoplasm

Answer 15

finely granular

Question 16

Entamoeba histolytica cyst shape

Answer 16

spherical to round

Question 17

Entamoeba histolytica cyst no. of nuclei

Answer 17

1-4

Question 18

Entamoeba histolytica cyst cytoplasmic inclusion

Answer 18

• chromatoid bars, rounded ends in young cyst

- diffused glycogen mass

Question 19

Young cysts characteristically contain unorganized chromatin material that transforms into squared or round ended structures call chromatoid bars, defined as structures that contain condensed RNA material.

Answer 19

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 20

RBCs, bacteria, yeast,
and other debris are
not found in the cyst
stage.

Answer 20

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 21

Entamoeba histolytica lab diagnosis

Answer 21

• A special medium known at TYI-S- 33 supports E. histolytica in culture.
• Methods currently available include antigen tests, enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA), gel diffusion precipitin (GDP), and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF).

AT
ELISA
IHA
GDP
IIF

Question 22

Entamoeba histolytica infection occurs in as many as

Answer 22

10% of the world’s population

Question 23

leading cause of parasitic deaths after only malaria.

Answer 23

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 24

Where people tend to harbor E.

histolytica.

Answer 24

Locations at which human waste is used as fertilizer,
areas of poor sanitation, hospitals for the mentally ill,
prisons, and day care centers.

Question 25

in E. histolytica Ingestion of the infective stage, the cyst,

Answer 25

occurs through hand-to-mouth contamination and food or water contamination, unprotected sex. Improperly treated water supplies

Question 26

___ may also serve as vectors (living carriers responsible for transmitting parasites from infected hosts uninfected hosts) of E. histolytica by depositing infective cysts on unprotected food.

Answer 26

Flies and cockroaches

Question 27

is the only known pathogenic intestinal ameba.

Answer 27

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 28

Patients infected with E. histolytica who exhibit symptoms often suffer from

Answer 28

amebic colitis

Question 29

amebic colitis is defined as

Answer 29

an intestinal infection caused by the presence of amebas exhibiting symptoms.

Question 30

Amebic dysentery

Answer 30

condition characterized by blood and mucus in the stool.

Question 31

in E. histolytica, The formation of

Answer 31

an abscess in the right lobe of the liver and trophozoite extension through the diaphragm, causing amebic pneumonitis, may occur.

Question 32

In addition to the liver, E. histolytica has been known to

Answer 32

migrate to and infect other organs, including the lung, pericardium, spleen, skin, and brain.

Question 33

Men become infected with penile amebiasis after experiencing

Answer 33

unprotected sex with a woman who has vaginal amebiasis.

Question 34

Entamoeba histolytica treatment

Answer 34

* Paromomycin * Diloxanide furoate (Furamide) * Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Question 35

The trophozoite exhibits nonprogressive motility.

Answer 35

Entamoeba hartmanni

Question 36

Cytoplasm of __does not contain ingested red blood cells.

Answer 36

E. hartmanni

Question 37

presence of ingested bacteria

Answer 37

E. hartmanni

Question 38

Spherical cysts may have one, two, three, or four nuclei.

Answer 38

E. hartmanni

Question 39

Young cysts have diffuse glycogen mass and round-ended chromatoid bars, similar to those seen in E. histolytica.

Answer 39

E. hartmanni

Question 40

Lab diagnosis of E. hartmanni

Answer 40

* Stool examination | * It is important to note that the size ranges of E. histolytica and E. hartmanni overlap.

Question 41

The geographic distribution of E. hartmanni is

Answer 41

cosmopolitan.

Question 42

in E. hartmanni ingestion of infected cysts present in contaminated food or water accounts for the

Answer 42

transmission

Question 43

Typically asymptomatic.

Answer 43

E. hartmanni

Question 44

It is generally considered a nonpathogen and treatment is usually not indicated.

Answer 44

E. hartmanni

Question 45

In unstained preparations, the karyosome and surrounding peripheral chromatin appear as refractile structures.

Answer 45

Entamoeba coli

Question 46

Motility of E. coli

Answer 46

blunt pseudopods

Question 47

Cytoplasmic inclusion of E. coli

Answer 47

ingested bacteria, other food particles

Question 48

karyosome of E. coli

Answer 48

large,irregular shape, eccentric

Question 49

Cytoplasmic inclusion of E. coli

Answer 49

vacoule containing bacteria

Question 50

no. of nuclei of E. coli cyst

Answer 50

1-8

Question 51

Cytoplasmic inclusion of E. coli cyst

Answer 51

- Thin chromatoid bars with pointed to splintered ends in young cysts - Diffuse glycogen mass in young cysts, may displace nuclei (often seen in cysts with two nuclei) to opposite ends of the cyst

Question 52

E. coli is found

Answer 52

worldwide. In addition to warm climates, E. coli also occurs in cold climates.

Question 53

* Geographic areas that have poor hygiene and sanitation practices. * E. coli is transmitted through the ingestion of the infected cyst through contaminated food or drink.

Answer 53

E. coli

Question 54

polecki treatment

Answer 54

* Metronidazole | * Diloxanide furoate