AMK gold (Daire) Flashcards
pneumonias
klebsiella
elderly and alcoholic
caveatting pneumonia on xray
pseudomonas pneumonia
CF
bronchiectasis
legionella
water tanks (hot tubs)
investigations: bloods: hyponatraemia abnormal LFT lymphopenia
bedside:
urinary antigens*** (urine sample)
management:
clarithromycin
pneumocystis jirovecci
immunocompromised (HIV) exertional dyspnoea low sats inhibits olate minimal CXRAY findings dry cough
tx: co trimoxazole
OH SHIT
asthma attack
OXYGEN 15L SALBUTAMOL HYDROCORTISONE IPATROIUM THEOPHYLLINE
respiratory pathology buzzwords
barrel chest
whooping cough
green/rusty sputum
barrel chest COPD
whooping cough pertussis
green/rusty sputum pneumonia
Paeds
‘barking cough’
croup
rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, RSV (bronchiolitis if <18M)
treat: rest, O2
epiglottis
emergency
stridor, drooling, tripod position
do not open mouth and examine
call for anaesthetic and ENT
rare because of haemophilia influenza vaccine (6 in 1)
causes of acute abdominal pain
BIDI
blockadge
inflammation / infection
damage/dysfunction
ischaemia
appendicitis:
1/3 from ASIS to umbilicus
central colicky then sharp RIF
where is absorbed where
“I”m on facebook, do joint in”
I F B D J I
iron= duodenum folate = jejunum B12= ileum
anatomical levels
aortic hits = T12 (12 letters)
vena cava= T8
oesophagus = T10
C DIFF management
metrondiazole
vancomycin
HPV
6 and 11= genital warts
16 and 18= cerivcal cancer
dermatology cellulitis animal bite impetigo bullseye rash
cellulitis= flucloxacillin
animal bite= co amoxcilav
impetigo= staph aureus, topical fusidic acid
bullseye rash= lyme disease
cancers
AFP (Alpha FetoProtein) => Liver or germ Cell
CA 153=> Breast Cancer (15 3 Double D rhyme to remember)
Ca 19-9 => Pancreatic Cancer
Ca 125 => Ovarian Cancer
CAE => Colorectal cancer
CD20 => B cells- Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Reed-Sternberg Cells (Owl Face) => Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Philadelphia chromosome [t(9;22)] => Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
ENT
OM- common in children, balding tympanic member.e treat with amoxicillin
OE- swimmers ear. damp, discharge, fluxcloaxicillin
surfers ear- bone due to repeated cold water. surgical removal
cholesteatoma keratising squamous epithelium in middle of ear repeated infections persists, watery and smelly dicharge surgery
common infections
throat- phenoxymethylpenicillin
sinusitis- amoxcillin
periodontal absses- amoxcillin
necrotising gingivitis- metronidazole
OD antidotes
paracetemol:
Within 1st hour give Activated Charcoal, N-acetylcysteine
Aspirin: Haemodialysis
Heroin/Opioids: Naloxone
Benzodiazepines: Flumazenil
Tricyclic Antidepressants: IV Bicarbonate
Lithium: Dilute with Saline or Haemodialysis
Warfarin: Vitamin K
Heparin: Protamine sulfate
Beta Blockers: Atropine- fertiliser inhalation/ drinking by farmers child
Methanol: Fomepizole,
Ethanol
Digoxin: Digibind
Carbon Monoxide: High O2 & hyperbaric O2
Cyanide:Hydrocabalamine
Lead:Dimercaprol
ECG
tall tented t eaves
no p waves
slurred upstroke, delta wave
- hyperkalaemia
- AF
- wolff-parkinson white syndrome
microbiology:
Gram +ve cocci
Strep
Staph
Gram +ve bacillus Actinomycoses Bacillus anthrax Clostridium (C.Diff) Diphtheria Listeria
Gram –ve cocci
Neisseria Meningitis
Neisseria Gonorrhoea
Moraxella
Gram –ve bacillus
The Rest
MI management
MONA B
morphine oxygen high flow 15L/min nitrate (GTN spray) aspirin and clopidogrel beta blockers
STI’s
BV- loss of lactobacilli, smelly, fishy, high vaginal swab and gram stain. clue cells. tx: metronidazole
chlamydia (CAD)
asymptomatic, yellow/cloudy, NAAT, gram -ve intracellular.
azithromcyin 1g
doxycyline 100mg
gonorrhoea
low abdominal pain, intermenstrual or post coital bleeding, green discharge, NAAT, gram -ve intracellular diplococci. tx: azitrhomcyin 1g and 1g ceftriaxone
trichomoniasis vaginalis protozoan itchy/burning, strawberry cervix green and frothy dischrge HVS, urine test for men motile protozoa tx: metronidazole
thrush
candida, itchy/burning, white and thick, HVS ,gram stain
hyphae and gram +ve spores
azaleas for tx (fungal)
