Aminoglycosides Flashcards
1
Q
کلیات آمینوگلیکوزیدها
A
- در محیط قلیایی فعال
- اثر synergism با بتالاکتام و ونکو (نه در یک سرنگ به علت بالایی)
- باکتریسیدال وابسته به غلظت
- استرپتو فقط 30s بقیه هر دو
2
Q
MOA AGs
A
چند روش:
1- کمپلکس آغازین
2- ختم زودرس زنجیره
3- آمینواسید غلط
3
Q
AGs Spectrum
A
Aerobic (-)
Staph
A bit Strep
4
Q
AGs Resistance
A
- Enzyme
- Less uptake & efflux
- Strepto: Change connection location
5
Q
AGs Kinetic
A
- IM, IV only for systemic
- Oral for sterilization (Neo, Kana) (No wounds if yes, toxic)
- Penetration except Eye & Brain
- Ototoxicity in Pregnancy
6
Q
AGs clearance
A
Renal
- Cr check
- Careful in combination with B Lactams
7
Q
AGs Side effects
A
1- Nephrotoxicity (Tobra, Neo, Strepto, Genta)
2- Ototoxicity: (Contraindicated <2yrs)
* Vestibular: Tinnitus, Vertigo, Unsteady Gait (Strepto, Genta, Reversible)
* Organ of corti: Hearing Loss, Irreversible (Kana, Netil, Neo, Ami)
3- Neuromuscular Blockage (Respiratory):
* Worrying in Myasthenia, Hypocalcemia, After surgery
* Treat with Ca / Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitor (Neostigmine)
* Neo>Kana>Ami>Genta>Tobra
8
Q
Strepto
Use
A
- First line TB
- Endocarditis of enterococci (with Pen G/ Ampi)
- Tularemia
- Brucellosis
9
Q
Tobra, Genta, Netil
Use
A
- Gr (-) (Pseudomonas)
- Staph
10
Q
Amikacin
Use
A
- More broad than others
- When in doubt of Genta
11
Q
Neomycin
Use
A
- Topical (S.aureus)
- If oral, Sterilization
12
Q
Netil, Netro
Use
A
- Kinetic like Genta, Resistance like Ami
- Many gr (-), NOT enterococci
