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Y Biochemistry I > Amino Acids and Carbohydrate structures > Flashcards

Amino Acids and Carbohydrate structures Flashcards

1
Q

an amino acid has what 4 groups

A

a carboxyl, amine, carbon** side chain, and hydrogren

**except glycine has a hydrogen as the side chain

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2
Q

the amine group has a pka normally around what?

and the carboxylic acid group?

A

the carboxyl group is normally around pH of 2

amine around pH of 9

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3
Q

Glycine (abbrev?)

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

gly

neutral, nonpolar

Achiral

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4
Q

alanine (abbrev?)

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

ala

neutral, nonpolar

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5
Q

valine (abbrev?)

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

val

neutral, nonpolar

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6
Q

leucine (abbrev?)

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

leu

neutral, nonpolar

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7
Q

isoleucine

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

ile

neutral, nonpolar

2 chiral centers (4 configurations)

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8
Q

phenylalanine

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

phe

neutral, nonpolar

aromatic

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9
Q

proline

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

pro

neutral, nonpolar

not an amino acid, but a cyclic amino or immino acid

with a secondary amide contained within the ring

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10
Q

methionine

charge? Polarity? special characteristics?

A

met

neutral, nonpolar

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11
Q

serine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

ser

neutral, polar

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12
Q

threonine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

thr

neutral, polar

2 chiral centers

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13
Q

tyrosine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

try

neutral, polar

aromatic

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14
Q

tryptophan (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

trp

neutral, polar

aromatic

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15
Q

cysteine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

cys

neutral, polar

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16
Q

asparagine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

asn

neutral, polar

the amine in the side chain is NEVER protonated

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17
Q

glutamine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

gln

neutral, polar

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18
Q

histadine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

his

basic, polar

aromatic

pka of side chain is less basic than amine

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19
Q

lysine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

lys

basic, polar

pka of side chain is more basic than amine

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20
Q

arginine (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

arg

basic, polar

pka of side chain is more basic than amine

21
Q

asparatate (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

asp

acidic, polar

also called aspartic acid (protonated)

pka of side chain is more acidic than amine pka =4 (obviously)

22
Q

glutamate (abbrev?)

Charge, polarity, special characteristics?

A

glu

acidic, polar

also called glutamic acid (protonated)

pka of side chain is more acidic than amine (obviously)

23
Q

choline

A
24
Q

ethanolamine

A
25
Q

glutathion (gamma - glu - cys -gly)

A
26
Q

D-glyceraldehyde

A
27
Q

D-glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

A
28
Q

dihydroxyacetone

A
29
Q

D -erythrose

A
30
Q

D-ribose

A
31
Q

D-deoxyribose

A
32
Q

D-glucose open

A
33
Q

alpha D-glucose ring

A
34
Q

beta D-glucose ring

A
35
Q

D-mannose

A
36
Q

alpha and beta D-galactose ring

A
37
Q

D-galactose

A
38
Q

D-fructose

A
39
Q

alpha and beta D-fructose ring

A
40
Q

D-ribulose

A
41
Q

D-xylulose

A
42
Q

maltose

A

a-D-glucose 1 – 4 a-D-glucose

(or: b-D-glcuose)

43
Q

lactose

A

b-D-galactose 1 – 4 b-D-glucose

flipped

(or: a-D-glucose)

44
Q

sucrose

A

a-D-glucose 1 – 2 b-D-fructose

flipped

45
Q

D-glucosamine

A
46
Q

N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid)

A
47
Q

glucuronic acid

A
48
Q

UDP-glucose

A
49
Q

glycogen with branch point

A

Y Biochemistry I (6 decks)

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