Amino Acids, AA (Peptide Bonds), Sugars, Sugars (Polysaccharides)

Question 1

How many amino acids are there (usually in proteins)

Answer 1

20 common alpha amino acids

Question 2

How about in human body (amino acids)?

Answer 2

21 common amnio acids

Question 3

How many major parts are there in amino acids and what are those?

Answer 3

3 major parts
amino group, r group, carboxyl group

Question 4

amino and carboxyl group are attached to this

Answer 4

alpha carbon

Question 5

Are being used to synthesize long
chain polymer

Answer 5

polypeptide (where amino a gets function)

Question 6

AA is less than 50 (and are called peptide)

Answer 6

Short peptide

Question 7

area called proteins

Answer 7

Longer polypeptides

Question 8

Give some examples of polypeptides

Answer 8

Transport proteins (Albumin,
hemoglobin, myoglobin)

Structural proteins (Keratin and
collagen)

Enzymes - catalyst substance (hydrolases, ligases) isomerases (increases the rate of reaction)

Question 9

bond connecting the amino
acids in the polypeptide

Answer 9

Amino acids: Peptide bonds

Question 10

have covalent bonds between carbons

Answer 10

Peptide bonds

Question 11

other term for peptide bonds

Answer 11

Amide bonds

Question 12

determines its final 3-D shape and
therefore its biological functions.

Answer 12

r groups of polypeptide

Question 13

monomers + monomer = (what by product)?

Answer 13

water

Question 14

the most abundant organic molecules
in nature; and are called as carbohydrates

Answer 14

SUGARS

Question 15

what are the function of sugars?

Answer 15

1. Energy source
2. Structural components (cells also
   have sugar molecules)
3. Intercellular communication

Question 16

basic unit of sugar and also known as simple sugar

Answer 16

Monosaccharides

Question 17

2 functional groups of monosaccharides

Answer 17

a. Polyhydroxyl Aldehyde
b. Polyhydroxyl Ketone

Question 18

Sugar containing an KETONE

Answer 18

KETOSE

Question 19

Sugar containing an aldehyde

Answer 19

ALDOSE

Question 20

most important sugar; main
source of energy

Answer 20

GLUCOSE

Question 21

fast to metabolize; main sugars in fruits; exists in seminal fluid

Answer 21

FRUCTOSE

Question 22

component of RNA and component of DNA

Answer 22

Ribose and Deoxyribose

Question 23

A polymer containing a large amount
of monosaccharides

Answer 23

Polysaccharides

Question 24

energy storage molecule
in animals ; produced in the pancreas

Answer 24

GLYCOGEN

Question 25

energy storage molecule in plants

Answer 25

STARCH

Question 26

structural material in plants

Answer 26

CELLULOSE