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Principles of `Biochemistry > Amino acids > Flashcards

Amino acids Flashcards

1
Q

A - Ala

A

Alanine

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2
Q

R - Arg

A

Arginine

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3
Q

N - Asn

A

Asparagine

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4
Q

D - Asp

A

Aspartic acid

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5
Q

C - Cys

A

Cysteine

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6
Q

Q - Gln

A

Glutamine

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7
Q

E - Glu

A

Glutamic acid

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8
Q

G - Gly

A

Glycine

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9
Q

H - His

A

Histidine

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10
Q

I - Ile

A

Isoleucine

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11
Q

L - Leu

A

Leucine

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12
Q

K - Lys

A

Lysine

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13
Q

M -Met

A

Methionine

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14
Q

F - Phe

A

Phenylalanine

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15
Q

P - Pro

A

Proline

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16
Q

S - Ser

A

Serine

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17
Q

T - Thr

A

Threonine

18
Q

W - Trp

A

Tryptophan

19
Q

Y - Tyr

A

Tyrosine

20
Q

V - Val

A

Valine

21
Q

What are the 5 identifiers of an amino acid

A
  1. amino group
  2. carboxyl group
  3. side chain
  4. central α-carbon
  5. hydrogen
22
Q

what is a chain of amino acids called?

A

a peptide

23
Q

one or two peptides that form a protein are called

A

polypeptides

24
Q

what is a polar bond?

A

an unequal share between electrons (electronegative atoms pull electrons of a bond towards them)

25
Q

What are the 5 groupings of amino acids?

A
  1. polar/ non polar
  2. hydrophobic/ hydrophilic
  3. acidic/ basic
  4. ionisable/ charged
  5. special amino acids
26
Q

name the special amino acids

A

cysteine, glycine and proline

27
Q

what is special about cysteine?

A

it has sulfhydryl (SH) that can form S-S bonds

28
Q

what is special about proline?

A

it is cyclic

29
Q

what is special about glycine

A

it is the simplest amino acid consisting of only a hydrogen side chain

30
Q

what are the 2 acidic amino acids?

A

aspartic acid and glutamic acid

31
Q

what are the 3 basic amino acids?

A

lysine, arginine and histidine

32
Q

what are the 3 positively charged amino acids?

A

lysine, histidine and arginine

33
Q

what are the 2 negatively charged amino acids

A

aspartic acid and glutamic acid

34
Q

which 2 amino acids contain sulfur?

A

cysteine and methionine

35
Q

which 3 amino acids contain aromatic ring structures

A

phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan

36
Q

what type of reaction occurs during a peptide bond

A

condensation reaction as h2o is produced

37
Q

what product is produced from a oxidation reaction of cysteine

A

cystine is produced by a disulfide bond

38
Q

what type of non covalent bonding happens when polar molecules interact via uneven electron shares

A

dipole- dipole interactions

39
Q

what type of non covalent bonding occurs via hydrogen attracting polar molecules

A

hydrogen bonding

40
Q

what type of non covalent bonding is caused by correlations in the fluctuating polarizations of nearby particles

A

van de waals interactions

41
Q

what type of non covalent bonding occurs via opposite charges attracting one another?

A

ionic interactions

Principles of `Biochemistry (3 decks)

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