Amino acids Flashcards
1
Q
A - Ala
A
Alanine
2
Q
R - Arg
A
Arginine
3
Q
N - Asn
A
Asparagine
4
Q
D - Asp
A
Aspartic acid
5
Q
C - Cys
A
Cysteine
6
Q
Q - Gln
A
Glutamine
7
Q
E - Glu
A
Glutamic acid
8
Q
G - Gly
A
Glycine
9
Q
H - His
A
Histidine
10
Q
I - Ile
A
Isoleucine
11
Q
L - Leu
A
Leucine
12
Q
K - Lys
A
Lysine
13
Q
M -Met
A
Methionine
14
Q
F - Phe
A
Phenylalanine
15
Q
P - Pro
A
Proline
16
Q
S - Ser
A
Serine
17
Q
T - Thr
A
Threonine
18
Q
W - Trp
A
Tryptophan
19
Q
Y - Tyr
A
Tyrosine
20
Q
V - Val
A
Valine
21
Q
What are the 5 identifiers of an amino acid
A
- amino group
- carboxyl group
- side chain
- central α-carbon
- hydrogen
22
Q
what is a chain of amino acids called?
A
a peptide
23
Q
one or two peptides that form a protein are called
A
polypeptides
24
Q
what is a polar bond?
A
an unequal share between electrons (electronegative atoms pull electrons of a bond towards them)
25
What are the 5 groupings of amino acids?
1. polar/ non polar
2. hydrophobic/ hydrophilic
3. acidic/ basic
4. ionisable/ charged
5. special amino acids
26
name the special amino acids
cysteine, glycine and proline
27
what is special about cysteine?
it has sulfhydryl (SH) that can form S-S bonds
28
what is special about proline?
it is cyclic
29
what is special about glycine
it is the simplest amino acid consisting of only a hydrogen side chain
30
what are the 2 acidic amino acids?
aspartic acid and glutamic acid
31
what are the 3 basic amino acids?
lysine, arginine and histidine
32
what are the 3 positively charged amino acids?
lysine, histidine and arginine
33
what are the 2 negatively charged amino acids
aspartic acid and glutamic acid
34
which 2 amino acids contain sulfur?
cysteine and methionine
35
which 3 amino acids contain aromatic ring structures
phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan
36
what type of reaction occurs during a peptide bond
condensation reaction as h2o is produced
37
what product is produced from a oxidation reaction of cysteine
cystine is produced by a disulfide bond
38
what type of non covalent bonding happens when polar molecules interact via uneven electron shares
dipole- dipole interactions
39
what type of non covalent bonding occurs via hydrogen attracting polar molecules
hydrogen bonding
40
what type of non covalent bonding is caused by correlations in the fluctuating polarizations of nearby particles
van de waals interactions
41
what type of non covalent bonding occurs via opposite charges attracting one another?
ionic interactions
