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Biochem extra nuggets > Amino acids > Flashcards

Amino acids Flashcards

1
Q

Arginine

A

R

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2
Q

histidine

A

H

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3
Q

Valine

A

V

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4
Q

Lysine

A

K

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5
Q

Aspartic acid

A

D

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6
Q

Glutamic acid

A

E

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7
Q

Serine

A

S

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8
Q

Threonine

A

T

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9
Q

Asparagine

A

N

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10
Q

Glutamine

A

Q

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11
Q

Cysteine

A

C

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12
Q

Glycine

A

G

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13
Q

Proline

A

P

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14
Q

Alanine

A

A

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15
Q

Isoleucine

A

I

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16
Q

Leucine

A

L

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17
Q

Methionine

A

M

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18
Q

Phenylalanine

A

F

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19
Q

Tryosine

A

Y

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20
Q

Tryptophan

A

W

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21
Q

Acidic amino acids

A

aspartate

glutamate

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22
Q

Basic amino acids

A

Lysine
Arginine
Histidine

K,R,H

killer red heels

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23
Q

glycine structure

A

just H

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24
Q

alanine structure

A

CH3

other amino acids build on this (so A = start)

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25
Q

glycine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
conditionally essential

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26
Q

alanine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
non-essential

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27
Q

valine structure

A

V shaped functional group CH(CH3)2

28
Q

valine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
essential

29
Q

leucine structure

A

‘looser’ valine with longer alkyl chain

CH2CH(CH3)2

30
Q

leucine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
essential

31
Q

isoleucine

A

isomer of leucine
more lop-sided shape
CH(CH3)CH2CH3

32
Q

isoleucine groups

A

hydrophobic
non polar
essential

33
Q

proline

A

side chain loops round and bings with itself, so looks like a P
aliphatic ring with one NH2

34
Q

proline groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
conditionally essential

35
Q

methionine

A

short 2C chain followed by a sulfur and then methyl grow
Met = methyl
thi = sulfur

36
Q

methionine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
essential

37
Q

cysteine

A

starts with ‘ss’ sound and only aa that can make a S-S bond

sulfur at the end of an alkyl chain

38
Q

cysteine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
conditionally essential

39
Q

phenylalanine

A

alanine R group plus a phenyl ring

CH3 plus aromatic ring

40
Q

phenylalanine groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
essential

41
Q

tyrosine

A

phenylalanine plus an OH
‘tyr’ like tire on care
followed by an ‘o’ for OH

42
Q

tyrosine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
conditionally essential

43
Q

tryptophan

A

most complex, two rings together

44
Q

tryptophan groups

A

non polar
hydrophobic
essential

45
Q

serine

A

similar to cysteine except the SH is replaced by an OH

46
Q

amino acids containing OH

A

OH no a STY!

serine, threonine, tyrosine

47
Q

serine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
non essential

48
Q

threonine

A

has 3 things

hydrogen, hydroxyl and a methyl

49
Q

threonine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
essential

50
Q

aspartate

A

CH2COOH

same as glutamate but with one less carbon

51
Q

aspartate groups

A

acidic (negatively charged)
hydrophilic
non essential

52
Q

glutamate

A

CH2CH2COOH

G comes after A so has another carbon than aspartate

53
Q

glutamate groups

A

acidic (neg charged)
hydrophilic
non essential

54
Q

arginine

A

basic a.a. with most N’s in name and most N’s in structure

55
Q

arginine groups

A

basic (pos charged)
hydrophilic
conditionally essential

56
Q

lysine

A

straightest of nitrogen containing groups

L-ine shaped

57
Q

lysine groups

A

basic (pos charged)
hydrophilic
essential

58
Q

histidine

A

2 carbon chain and then a ring with 2 nitrogens

59
Q

histidine groups

A

basic (pos charged)
hydrophilic
essential

60
Q

asparagine

A

amide group replaces the carboxyl group

CH2CONH2

61
Q

asparagine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
non essential

62
Q

glutamine

A

same as glutamate except with an amide rather than carboxyl group

63
Q

glutamine groups

A

polar
hydrophobic
conditionally essential

64
Q

Essential aa

A

H I L M V F T W K

how I like my very fluffy teeny weeny koala

histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, lysine

65
Q

Non essential aa

A

N E A D S

non essential aminos don’t speak

asparagine, glutamate, alanine, aspartate, serine

66
Q

Conditionally essential aa

A

Q C G P Y R
quick conditioner gives pretty yellow roots

glutamine, cysteine, glycine, proline, tyrosine, arginine

Biochem extra nuggets (5 decks)

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