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Kaplan Biochemistry > Amino Acids > Flashcards

Amino Acids Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids?

A
  1. Glycine
  2. Alanine
  3. Valine
  4. Leucine
  5. Isoleucine
  6. phenylalinine
  7. Tryptophan
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2
Q
A

Serine

  1. Ser/S
  2. Polar AA
  3. Hydrophillic and interact with water whenever possible
    1. Can H-Bond with H2O, but does not act as an acid or base
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3
Q
A

Glysine

  1. Gly/G
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
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4
Q
A

Valine

  1. Val/V
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
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5
Q
A

Arginine

  1. Arg/R
  2. Basic Amino Acid
  3. Protonated (Cationic) at physiological pH
  4. pKa ~ 12
  5. pI above 6
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6
Q
A

Cysteine

  1. Cys/C
  2. Fairly Polar
  3. Forms disulfide Bridges
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7
Q

What are the sulfur containing AA?

A
  1. Cysteine
  2. Methionine
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8
Q
A

Asparagine

  1. Asp/N
  2. Polar AA
  3. Hydrophillic and interact with water whenever possible
  4. Can H-Bond with H2O, but does not act as an acid or base
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9
Q

What are the two acidic amino acids? Why are they considered acidic?

A
  1. Aspartic Acid (D)
  2. Glutamic Acid (E)
  3. These both contain COOH whithin their side chains
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10
Q

What are the polar amino acids?

A
  1. Serine
  2. Threonine
  3. Tyrosine
  4. Asparigine
  5. Glutamine
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11
Q
A

Alanine

  1. Ala/A
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
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12
Q
A

Phenylalanine

  1. Phe/F
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
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13
Q
A

Glutamine

  1. Gln/Q
  2. Polar AA
  3. Hydrophillic and interact with water whenever possible
  4. Can H-Bond with H2O, but does not act as an acid or base
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14
Q
A

Methionine

  1. Met/M
  2. Relatively Non-polar
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15
Q
A

Tyrosine

  1. Tyr/Y
  2. Polar AA
  3. Hydrophillic and interact with water whenever possible
  4. Can H-Bond with H2O, but does not act as an acid or base
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16
Q
A

Glutamic Acid

  1. Glu/E
  2. Acidic Amino Acid
  3. Glutamate when deprotonated
  4. Deprotonated (anionic) at Physiological pH
  5. pKa ~ 4
  6. pI below 6
17
Q
A

Isoleusine

  1. Ile/I
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
18
Q
A

Leucine

  1. Leu/L
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
19
Q
A

Aspartic Acid (D)

  1. Asp/D
  2. Acidic Amino Acid
  3. Aspartate when deprotonated
  4. Deprotonated (anionic) at Physiological pH
  5. pKa ~ 4
  6. pI below 6
20
Q
A

Tryptophan

  1. Trp/W
  2. Hydrophobic amino acid
  3. Associates with other hydrophobic amino acids (usually in the core of proteins)
21
Q
A

Proline

  1. Pro/P
  2. Side group is covalently bound to amine group
  3. Can never be present in alpha helices (because it disrupts hydrogen bonding between carbonyl oxygen and amine hydrogen)
  4. When present, causes a “kink” in the polypeptode chain
22
Q

What are the basic amino acids? Why are they considered basic?

A
  1. Lysine
  2. Arganine
  3. Histadine
  4. They all contain amino side chains
23
Q
A

Histidine

  1. His/H
  2. Categorized as basic, but can act as a base or acid at physiological pH
  3. Protonated (Cationic) or Deprotonated at physiological pH
  4. pKa ~ 6.5
  5. pI above 6
24
Q
A

Threonine

  1. Thr/T
  2. Polar AA
  3. Hydrophillic and interact with water whenever possible
  4. Can H-Bond with H2O, but does not act as an acid or base
25
Q
A

Lysine

  1. Lys/K
  2. Basic Amino Acid
  3. Protonated (Cationic) at physiological pH
  4. pKa ~ 10
  5. pI above 6

Kaplan Biochemistry (5 decks)

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