Amino Acids

Question 1

What are the substituted methane in amino acids?

Answer 1

Substituted methane are the groups that occupy the four valency positions of carbon.
In amino acids they are Amino group, carboxylic group, hydrogen and variable R group

Question 2

Why are amino acids known as alpha amino acids?

Answer 2

Because all the groups attach to the alpha carbon

Question 3

Amino acid in which the R group is hydrogen

Answer 3

Glycine

Question 4

Amino acid in which the R group is a methyl group

Answer 4

Alanine

Question 5

Amino acid in which the R group is hydroxy methyl

Answer 5

Serine

Question 6

What are the essential amino acids?

Answer 6

Lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, valine, isoluecine, leucine, threonine

Question 7

Semiessential amino acids are

Answer 7

The ones our body synthesis very slowly

Histidine and arginine

Question 8

Non essential amino acids are

Answer 8

Alanine, serine, glycine, proline, glutamate(glutamic acid) , cysteine, aspartate (aspartic acid), cystine, hydroxyproline

Question 9

Acidic amino acids

Answer 9

Extra cooh group

Glutamate (glutamic acid) aspartate (aspartic acid)

Question 10

Basic amino acids

Answer 10

Extra amine group

Arginine, Lysine

Question 11

Neutral amino acids

Answer 11

Valine, Alanine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine

Question 12

Sulphur containing amino acids

Answer 12

Cysteine, cystine, methionine

Question 13

Aromatic amino acids

Answer 13

Phenylalanine, tryptophan, tryosine

Question 14

Heterocyclic amino acids

Answer 14

Proline, hydroxyproline, Histidine

Question 15

Zwitter ions

Answer 15

Have two ionic groups, NH³+ and COO-
Zwitter is German word for hermaphrodite

*** AMINO ACID CAN NEVER EXIST AS UNCHARGED GROUP REGARDLESS OF PH, therefore the structure of amino acid changes in different pH

Question 16

Oligopeptide

Answer 16

When a few amino acids are joined by peptide bonds

Question 17

Polypeptide

Answer 17

When many amino acids are joined together

Question 18

Enkephalins

Answer 18

Short peptides

Formed in central nervous system that bind to receptors in certain cells of the brain and induces analgesia

Question 19

Amantin

Answer 19

Extremely toxic mushrooms of peptides

Question 20

Components of urea cycle

Answer 20

Ornithine and citrulline

Question 21

Tryosine conversions

Answer 21

To thyroxin, melanin, and adrenaline

Question 22

Glycine

Answer 22

Heme

Question 23

Tryptophan

Answer 23

Vitamin nictotinamide (B³) and indole 3 acetic acid

Question 24

Histamine

Answer 24

For functioning of muscles blood capillaries and gastric juices

Question 25

Glutamate + cysteine

Answer 25

Glutathione