amino acids

Question 1

what functional groups do amino acids have?

Answer 1

R group
carboxyl group (COOH)
amino group (NH2)

Question 2

what propeties does the amino group have?

Answer 2

has basic properties

can gain a H+ in alkali conditions to form an -NH3 group

Question 3

what properties does the carboxylic acid group have?

Answer 3

acidic properties
can lose a H+ in alkali conditions to form a COO- group

Question 4

what does the R group affect in the amino acid?

Answer 4

affects the properties of the amino acids

Question 5

what is the amino acid cysteine?

Answer 5

r group is CH2SH2
the SH group of one cysteine can form a covalent bond with the SH2 group of another cysteine

this bond is the disulfide bridge

Question 6

what is the R group of cysteine?

Answer 6

CH2SH2

Question 7

what is the bond between 2 amino acids?

Answer 7

peptide bond

Question 8

what reaction can cause amino acids to polymerise?

Answer 8

condensation reaction to give dipeptides and polypeptides

Question 9

how is the peptide bond formed between 2 amino acids?

Answer 9

condensation reaction

water is removed and a peptide bond forms between OH of carboxyl group and H of amine group

Question 10

how is a peptide bond broken?

Answer 10

hydrolysis

water is added

Question 11

what is a polypeptide?

Answer 11

a chain of amino acids
series of peptide bonds hold amino acids together

Question 12

what is a pentapeptide?

Answer 12

a chain of 5 amino acids if the order of amino acids is changed it would produce different pentapeptides with different properties