Amino Acids Flashcards by Julia Horlander

subcategories of nonpolar amino acids

alkyl
aromatic

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subcategories of polar amino acids

acidic, neutral, basic

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alkyl amino acids

glycine
valine
alanine
leucine
methionine
proline
isoleucine

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aromatic amino acids

phenylalanine
tryptophan

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neutral amino acids

serine
threonine
asparagine
glutamine
cysteine
tyrosine

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acidic amino acids

aspartic acid (aspartate)
glutamic acid (glutamate)

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basic amino acids

histidine
lysine
arginine

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Glycine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: H

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Alanine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: CH3
how to remember: Alan is a simple name, simple side chain

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Valine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: CH(CH3)2
how to remember: V shaped group (isopropyl)

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Leucine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: CH2CH(CH3)2
how to remember: isobutyl

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Isoleucine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: CH(CH3)CH2CH3
how to remember: sec-butyl

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Methionine

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: CH2CH2SCH3
how to remember: meth smells like sulfur

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Proline

nonpolar alkyl amino acid
side chain: 3 carbons in between alpha carbon and amine group (cyclic)
how to remember: proline is a pro and that is why it has a cyclic side chain

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Phenylalanine

nonpolar aromatic amino acid
side chain: CH2(C6H6)
how to remember: phenyl group on alanine

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Tryptophan

nonpolar aromatic amino acid
side chain: indole
how to remember: tripping over the two rings

Serine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: CH2OH
how to remember: serious people don’t say OH

Threonine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: CH(OH)CH3
how to remember: ends in 3 THREE o Nine (9 characters in sequence)

Asparagine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: CH3CONH2
how to remember: asparagus in pasta is a CON

Glutamine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: CH2CH2CONH2
how to remember: emily is allergic to gluten and would CH CH CHOKE

Cysteine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: CH2SH
how to remember: disulfide bridges form from S

Tyrosine

polar neutral amino acid
side chain: phenol
how to remember: a tire is circular, cyclic group

Aspartic Acid

polar acidic amino acid
side chain: CH2COOH

Glutamic Acid

polar acidic amino acid
side chain: CH2CH2COOH
how to remember: glutamine but amine changes to acid because of name (CONH2 –> COOH)

Histidine

polar basic amino acid side chain: imidazole how to remember: anti-histamine = something you buy at the store, like imidazole for AZO

Lysine

polar basic amino acid side chain: CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 how to remember: alyssa (lyssa) loves to talk and repeats herself ch ch ch ch

Arginine

polar basic amino acid side chain: CH2CH2CH2NH(C(NH)NH2) how to remember: Arggg theres a big side chain