Amino Acids Flashcards
Peptide link
When two or more amino acids join together
Elements in an amino acid
Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), carboxyl group (COOH), amino group (NH2), variable (R)
Name 4 essential amino acids
Valine, lysine, leucine, isoleucine
Name two essential amino acids for children
Histidine, arginine
Name two non essential amino acids
Glutamine, glycine
Explain condensation reaction
When OH from the carboxyl group of one amino acid and H from the amino group from a different amino acid join and created a loss of H2O and creating a peptide link
Explain hydrolysis
During digestion water is added to break down peptide links and create single amino acids
Primary structure of protein
The sequence of amino acids held together by peptide links
Secondary structure of protein
Involves the folding of the primary structure. Can be spiral or zig-zag with definite shape and structure caused by cross links
Disulfide link
When two sulphur molecules bond
Disulfide link example
Cysteine contains sulphur
Hydrogen bond
A hydrogen molecule from the amino group bonds to an oxygen molecule from the carboxyl group
Hydrogen bond example
Oxygen from Tyrosene joins hydrogen from serine
Tertiary structure of protein
Excessive folding of the secondary structure. It is 3 dimensional and can be fibrous or globular
Fibrous protein structure
Polypeptide chains are arranged in straight, spiral or zig-zag shapes
