Amino Acid Side Chains

Question 1

Alanine

Answer 1

ALA
aliphatic

Question 2

Glycine

Answer 2

GLY
aliphatic

Question 3

Isoleucine

Answer 3

ILE
aliphatic

Question 4

Leucine

Answer 4

LEU
aliphatic

Question 5

Proline

Answer 5

PRO
aliphatic

Question 6

Valine

Answer 6

VAL
aliphatic

Question 7

Phenylalanine

Answer 7

PHE
aromatic

Question 8

Tryptophan

Answer 8

TRP
aromatic

Question 9

Tyrosine

Answer 9

TYR
aromatic

Question 10

Aspartic Acid

Answer 10

ASP
acidic

Question 11

Glutamic Acid

Answer 11

GLU
acidic

Question 12

Arginine

Answer 12

ARG
basic

Question 13

Histidine

Answer 13

HIS
basic

Question 14

Lysine

Answer 14

LYS
basic

Question 15

Serine

Answer 15

SER
has alcohol

Question 16

Threonine

Answer 16

THR
has alcohol

Question 17

Cysteine

Answer 17

CYS
has sulfur

Question 18

Methionine

Answer 18

MET
has sulfur

Question 19

Asparagine

Answer 19

ASN
has amide

Question 20

Glutamine

Answer 20

GLN
has amide

Question 21

What are the aliphatic amino acids? (6)

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 21

alkanes

• alanine (ALA) – methyl
• glycine (GLY) – nothing
• isoleucine (ILE) – 2-methylbutane
• leucine (LEU) – 3-methylbutane
• proline (PRO) – pentane ring
• valine (VAL) – 1-methylpropane (tree/triangle)

Question 22

What are the aromatic amino acids? (3)

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 22

aromatic ring

• phenylalanine (PHE) – one ring
• tryptophan (TRP) – two rings together
• tyrosine (TYR) – ring with OH

Question 23

What are the acidic amino acids? (2)

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 23

carboxylic acid

• aspartic acid (ASP) – shorter (3 lines)
• glutamic acid (GLU) – longer (4 lines)

Question 24

What are the basic amino acids? (3)

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 24

amine

• arginine (ARG) – 2º amine / NH, NH, NH2
• histidine (HIS) – cyclic amine
• lysine (LYS) – 1º amine

Question 25

What are the amino acids that have alcohol?

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 25

alcohol group

• serine (SER) – OH at end
• threonine (THR) – extra methyl after OH

Question 26

What are the amino acids that have sulfur?

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 26

sulfur

• cysteine (CYS) – SH
• methionine (MET) – S only

Question 27

What are the amino acids that have an amide?

What is their common feature?
What are the differing features?

Answer 27

amide group (O=C-NH2)

• asparagine (ASN) – shorter (3 lines)
• glutamine (GLN) – longer (4 lines)

Question 28

Which amino acids are hydrophobic?

Answer 28

• alanine (ALA)
• glycine (GLY)
• isoleucine (ILE)
• leucine (LEU)
• proline (PRO)
• valine (VAL)
• phenylalanine (PHE)
• tryptophan (TRP)
• methionine (MET)