Amides and polyamides

Question 1

amides have the functional group:

Answer 1

a carbonyl group joined to an amino group
R
|
O=C-NH2

Question 2

amides are ……………… in state except for…………………. which is a …………………..

Answer 2

solid

except for methanamide which is a liquid

Question 3

lower aliphatic amides are………………… in water and the trend for solubility is ………………….. through the homologous series

Answer 3

soluble for the first few members thanks to hydrogen bonding

decrease in solubility

Question 4

the carbon atom in amides is (in terms of electron deficiency)

Answer 4

very electron deficient because it is joined to both nitrogen and oxygen

Question 5

you can prepare amides in the lab by

Answer 5

mixing an acyl chloride with concentrated aqueous ammonia.

Question 6

describe what happens in terms of the mechanism for

the reaction between an acyl chloride and ammonia

Answer 6

the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen of the ammonia molecule is strongly attracted to the electron-deficient carbon atom of the acyl chloride. the chlorine of acyl chloride combines with on of the hydrogen atoms of ammonia to form hydrogen chloride, which appears as misty fumes.