American West intervention qestions week 1 Flashcards
What different roles did chiefs play in Plains Indian tribes?
Chiefs led negotiations and had different roles for various aspects of tribal life, such as spiritual chief and medicine chief.
Explain the role of the warrior brotherhoods.
Warrior brotherhoods were groups of young men renowned for their bravery, defending their tribes in war and sometimes raiding other tribes for food.
Give 3 push factors for migration west.
- High unemployment
- Wages cut by 40%
- Poor economy
Give 3 pull factors for migration west.
- Land in Oregon cheaper to buy due to new laws
- Gold discovered in California (1848-49)
- Gold discovered in the Rocky Mountains
When did migrants first use the Oregon Trail?
Migrants first used the Oregon Trail in 1836, marking the start of its popular use.
Who mapped out the Oregon Trail?
Jedidiah Smith mapped out the Oregon Trail in 1825, after which fur trappers began to use it.
In what year were the Homestead Act and Pacific Railroad Act passed?
Both the Homestead Act and the Pacific Railroad Act were passed in 1862.
When was the California Gold Rush and why was it important?
3 things
The California Gold Rush occurred in 1848-49.It was important for settlement in the west because it promoted the image of the west as a place for success, led to increased farming in California, and caused a population boom.
Identify 3 ways Brigham Young was important in Mormon migration west.
- Planned the route carefully and effectively
- Ensured sufficient supplies when setting off in April 1847
- Sent people ahead to clear the route.
Give 3 specific achievements of the Homestead Act.
- By 1876, 6 million acres of government land had been claimed by homesteaders.
- Encouraged significant immigration from Europe.
- Settled parts of the Great Plains for the first time.
Why was the 1875 Sulky Plow important for farming on the Plains?
The 1875 Sulky Plow allowed farmers to plough through tough weeds and prairie grass.
Give 3 impacts of the railroads for Indigenous people.
- Took parts of their land away.
- Decreased the buffalo population.
- Indigenous attacks led to confrontations with the US army.
Give 3 impacts of the railroads for the cattle industry.
- Enabled growth of the cattle industry.
- Allowed cattle to be transported and sold for higher prices in Eastern cities.
What was the name of the wave of migration which took Black Americans to Kansas and what were its achievements?
The migration was called the Exoduster movement, pioneered by Benjamin Singleton. Achievements included the establishment of new communities, inspiration for future migrations, and the Kansas governor setting up an association to help Exodusters.
