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History > American West - Individuals > Flashcards

American West - Individuals Flashcards

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1
Q

Who coined the term ‘Manifest Destiny’?

A

John L. O’Sullivan

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2
Q

Who first found gold in California?

A

James Marshall

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3
Q

Who started the Mormon movement?

A

Joseph Smith

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4
Q

What were Joseph Smith’s key successes?

A

Convincing people to join him

Founding an organisation

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5
Q

What were Joseph Smith’s failures?

A

Dictator
Provoked non-believers in East
Didn’t see his vision completed

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6
Q

Who took over the Mormons when Joseph Smith died in 1844?

A

Brigham Young

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7
Q

What were Brigham Young’s key successes?

A

Organised and executed move to Salt Lake
Planned and built Salt Lake City
Minimalised casualties in voyage

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8
Q

What were Brigham Young’s failures?

A

Lack of industry in Salt Lake City

Allowed Mountain Meadow Massacre to happen

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9
Q

Who led the James Younger Gang?

A

Jesse James

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10
Q

What did the James Younger Gang do?

A

Stole from corrupt corperate organisations - banks, railway companies and wagon trains

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11
Q

What did Charles Goodnight do?

A

Expanded the cattle industry by showing how beef was a good food source for the army, the natives and the people

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12
Q

Who discovered that cattle could survive a winter on the Plains?

A

John Iliff

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13
Q

What did Joseph McCoy do?

A

Created cowtowns, which improved profits

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14
Q

Which engineer did the calculations the Western railroad company needed to navigate the Sierra Nevada mountains?

A

Theodore Juda

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15
Q

What did James Strobridge do?

A

Lead the Western railroad company

Supported the Asian migrant workers

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16
Q

What did Grenville Dodge do?

A

Lead the Eastern railroad company

Brought in the army to exterminate the natives, who were slowing progress

17
Q

Who was in charge of law and order for the eastern railroad company?

A

Jack Casement (he was a big user of lynch-law)

18
Q

What problems did the Donner party face?

A

Couldn’t move - deep snow
Starvation
Hyperthermia

19
Q

Name 3 gunfighters

A

Wild Bill Hickok
John Wesley Hardin
Billy the Kid

20
Q

How many people did the gunfighters kill?

A

About 5-10 people each

21
Q

Who are famous train robbers that created an impression of a ‘wild’ west?

A

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid

22
Q

Why did Little Crow lead an attack on an Indian agency?

A

The natives on his reservation were not being given good enough land to farm or food to survive

23
Q

Why did Red Cloud attack the US Army?

A

The government negotiated in bad faith by setting up army camps on Red Cloud’s route

24
Q

Which army general lead troops to a crushing defeat at Little Bighorn?

A

George Custer

25
Q

Why did Custer refuse extra soldiers and Gatling guns?

A

He wanted glory for himself and his own cavalry

26
Q

How did Custer fail tactically?

A

He split his troops up into three groups, which were all outnumbered

27
Q

Who blamed Custer for defeat, to save embarrassment for the whole army?

A

General Sheridan

28
Q

Which native chiefs masterminded the victory at Little Bighorn?

A 
Sitting Bull (organisational skills)
Crazy Horse (tactics)

History (4 decks)

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