American Religion (Lecture) - COMPLETE

Question 1

When was the ‘City Upon a Hill’/A Model of Christian Charity delivered?

Answer 1

21 March 1630

Question 2

Who delivered ‘City Upon a Hill’?

Answer 2

John Winthrop

Question 3

“We shall be as a __ upon a hill, the __ of all people are upon us”

Answer 3

“We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us.” (John Winthrop)

Question 4

What does Winthrop’s ‘A Model of Christian Charity’ (1630) suggest?

Answer 4

The country is chosen by a higher spirit, endowed with a particular mission to (morally) lead the world (democratically, in capitalistic terms) (exceptionalism)

Question 5

What percentage did American Church membership reach in 1960?

Answer 5

69% (Wunthrow, The Restructuring of American Religion, 1988: 17)

Question 6

What percentage of Americans claimed to believe in God in 1960?

Answer 6

~95% (Wunthrow, The Restructuring of American Religion, 1988: 17)

Question 7

What percentage of Americans were engaged in private practice of prayer in 1960?

Answer 7

90% (Wunthrow, The Restructuring of American Religion, 1988: 17)

Question 8

When was Youth for Christ established?

Answer 8

1944

Question 9

How many attended the Soldier Field Stadium, Chicago YFC rally on 30 May 1945?

Answer 9

70,000

Question 10

When was the Soldier Field Stadium, Chicago YFC rally?

Answer 10

30 May 1945

Question 11

When was Billy Graham’s first nationally recognised revival in LA?

Answer 11

September-October 1949

Question 12

How many visitors did Graham’s September-October 1949 revival attract over eight weeks?

Answer 12

350,000

Question 13

When was the National Association of Evangelicals, under the leadership of Harold Ockenga, founded?

Answer 13

April 1942

Question 14

Unless “the Church can produce some _____ who will lead us in _____ channels our spiral of _____ will continue ______” (Ockenga, 1943)

Answer 14

Unless “the Church can produce some thinkers who will lead us in positive channels our spiral of degradation will continue downward” (Ockenga, 1943)

Question 15

“In other words, our form of ______ has no _____ unless it is founded in a deeply felt ______ ____, and I don’t care what it is” (Eisenhower)

Answer 15

“In other words, our form of government has no sense unless it is founded in a deeply felt religious faith, and I don’t care what it is” (Eisenhower)

Question 16

Who said “In other words, our form of government has no sense unless it is founded in a deeply felt religious faith, and I don’t care what it is”? (and when/where?)

Answer 16

Eisenhower, Freedoms Foundation, Waldorf-Astoria, NYC, 22/12/52

Question 17

“The churches of America are citadels of our faith in individual _____ and human _____. This faith is the living source of all our spiritual strength. And this strength is our _____ _____ in our world-wide struggle against the forces of godless ______ and oppression” (Eisenhower, to National Co-Chairmen, Commission on Religious Organizations, National Conference of Christians and Jews – 9th July 1953)

Answer 17

“The churches of America are citadels of our faith in individual freedom and human dignity. This faith is the living source of all our spiritual strength. And this strength is our matchless armor in our world-wide struggle against the forces of godless tyranny and oppression” (Eisenhower, to National Co-Chairmen, Commission on Religious Organizations, National Conference of Christians and Jews – 9th July 1953)

Question 18

Who said “The churches of America are citadels of our faith in individual freedom and human dignity. This faith is the living source of all our spiritual strength. And this strength is our matchless armor in our world-wide struggle against the forces of godless tyranny and oppression” (and when/where?)

Answer 18

Eisenhower, to National Co-Chairmen, Commission on Religious Organizations, National Conference of Christians and Jews – 9th July 1953

Question 19

Who was the first President to be baptised in office?

Answer 19

Eisenhower

Question 20

When was Eisenhower, the first President to be baptised in office, welcomed into the Presbyterian Church?

Answer 20

1 February 1953

Question 21

Who wrote ‘The Spiritual-Industrial Complex: America’s Religious Battle against Communism in the Early Cold War’ (2011)?

Answer 21

Jonathan P. Herzod

Question 22

Who suggested Cold War culture involved “the deliberate and managed use of societal resources to stimulate a religious revival in the late 1940s and 50s”?

Answer 22

Jonathan P. Herzod’s ‘The Spiritual-Industrial Complex: America’s Religious Battle against Communism in the Early Cold War’, 2011: 6

Question 23

When was ‘One Nation under God’ added to the Pledge of Allegiance?

Answer 23

1954

Question 24

When was ‘In God We Trust’ printed on $ bills?

Answer 24

1957

Question 25

When was a National Day of Prayer established in America?

Answer 25

1952

Question 26

Who said "Communism is the scavenger of decaying civilizations" and when?

Answer 26

Catholic Bishop Fulton J. Sheen, ‘Communism in America’, a 1957 TV sermon

Question 27

“To safeguard our ______ and preserve the true American way of life…we need, we must have, a revival of genuine, old-fashioned ______, deep, widespread, in the power of the ____ ____'

Answer 27

“To safeguard our democracy and preserve the true American way of life…we need, we must have, a revival of genuine, old-fashioned Christianity, deep, widespread, in the power of the Holy Spirit'

Question 28

Who said “To safeguard our democracy and preserve the true American way of life…we need, we must have, a revival of genuine, old-fashioned Christianity, deep, widespread, in the power of the Holy Spirit' and when?

Answer 28

Billy Graham, 1949, LA

Question 29

What percentage of American adults could name all four Gospels in 2017? (Pew Research)

Answer 29

45%

Question 30

Whose term is the 'suburban frontier' (religious)?

Answer 30

Hugnut-Beumler, Looking for God in the Suburbs, 1994: 4

Question 31

Give four examples of the importance of morality/family stability in the Cold War.

Answer 31

High birthrates Stabilizing divorce rates Clear-cut gender roles Celebration of baptism, first communion, confirmation, bar mitzvah, bat mitzvah, marriage, etc.

Question 32

How many major religious building projects were under construction in Omaha, Nebraska, at the start of the 1950s?

Answer 32

35, inc. 7 new Protestant churches (Looking, 109)

Question 33

When was St Michael’s episcopal (Wayne, NJ) completed (with welcoming aura/optimism/functionality?)

Answer 33

1963

Question 34

Who held the first drive-in worship services in July 1949?

Answer 34

Rev. Norman Hammer of Emmanuel Lutheran Church in North Hollywood, California

Question 35

What did Rev. Norman Hammer of Emmanuel Lutheran Church in North Hollywood, California introduce in July 1949?

Answer 35

The first drive-in worship services.

Question 36

At what (entertainment) facility did Rev. Robert Schuller in 1955 found his temporary sanctuary?

Answer 36

Orange Drive-In Theatre

Question 37

How many American TV sets were there in 1949?

Answer 37

940,000

Question 38

How many American TV sets were there in 1959?

Answer 38

44M

Question 39

When was Billy Graham's televised New York Crusade?

Answer 39

1957

Question 40

What did the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church in New York launch in 1956?

Answer 40

'FOR A SPIRITUAL LIFE IN A BUSY DAY. DIAL-A-PRAYER. Circle 6-4200. One minute of inspiration in prayer’ (Looking, 17)

Question 41

What did Schuller open in 1961 in Garden Grove, California?

Answer 41

Opened a combined walk-in and drive-in church in 1961 in Garden Grove, California (designed by Richard Neutra), costing $3m (“Come as you are in your family car!”).

Question 42

“Come as you are in your ____ ___!”

Answer 42

“Come as you are in your family car!”

Question 43

How much did the Richard Neutra-Schuller walk-in and drive-in church in Garden Grove, CA, cost?

Answer 43

$3m

Question 44

When was the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association - the crusading multimedia organization - founded?

Answer 44

1950

Question 45

“I am selling…the _____ product on earth, why shouldn’t it be promoted as well as _____?” (Graham, Time, 1954)

Answer 45

“I am selling…the greatest product on earth, why shouldn’t it be promoted as well as soap?” (Graham Time, 1954)

Question 46

Who said “I am selling…the greatest product on earth, why shouldn’t it be promoted as well as soap?"

Answer 46

Graham, Time magazine, 1954

Question 47

"We are going to sit around the ______ and have parties, and the angels will wait on us, and we’ll drive down the golden streets in a yellow _____ ______"

Answer 47

"We are going to sit around the fireplace and have parties, and the angels will wait on us, and we’ll drive down the golden streets in a yellow Cadillac convertible" (Graham on heaven)

Question 48

Who said "We are going to sit around the fireplace and have parties, and the angels will wait on us, and we’ll drive down the golden streets in a yellow Cadillac convertible"?

Answer 48

Billy Graham

Question 49

When was Norman Vincent Peale’s 'The Power of Positive Thinking' published?

Answer 49

1952

Question 50

Peale's 'The Power of Positive Thinking' contains: “I can do all things through ______ which strengthenth me” (Philippians IV, 13)

Answer 50

Peale's 'The Power of Positive Thinking' contains: “I can do all things through Christ which strengthenth me” (Philippians IV, 13)

Question 51

"BELIEVE IN _____! Have faith in your abilities!”

Answer 51

“BELIEVE IN YOURSELF! Have faith in your abilities!” (pg. 1) (Peale)

Question 52

"Little does _____ ask of contemporary man. It is ready to offer comfort; it has no courage to ______"

Answer 52

"Little does religion ask of contemporary man. It is ready to offer comfort; it has no courage to challenge"

Question 53

Who said "Little does religion ask of contemporary man. It is ready to offer comfort; it has no courage to challenge"?

Answer 53

Abraham Joshua Heschel

Question 54

"There has been a tendency in the last few years – bolstered, I am sorry to say, by the President himself – to identify greatness and godliness"

Answer 54

"There has been a tendency in the last few years – bolstered, I am sorry to say, by the President himself – to identify _____ and ______"

Question 55

Who said "There has been a tendency in the last few years – bolstered, I am sorry to say, by the President himself – to identify greatness and godliness"?

Answer 55

John Cogley, Commonweal editor

Question 56

What does modern suburban religiosity show about America?

Answer 56

Suburban religiosity proves American religions’ ability to embrace and to adapt to modern forms of lifestyle and communication -> faith is turned into a consumable product in the suburbs (American Dream)

Question 57

When was Rick Warren’s Saddleblack Church (Orange County) established?

Answer 57

1980

Question 58

How many people does Rick Warren’s Saddleblack Church (Orange County) draw a weekend?

Answer 58

25,000

Question 59

When was Joel and Victoria Osteen’s Lakewood Church (Houston) established?

Answer 59

1979

Question 60

How many seats does Joel and Victoria Osteen’s Lakewood Church (Houston) have?

Answer 60

16,000 (with shopping mall attached!)

Question 61

How much money did Creflo Dollar, World Changers Church International, College Park, Georgia make in 2015?

Answer 61

$70m

Question 62

How many attend megachurches on a regular basis?

Answer 62

6m (10% of all Protestant churchgoers in America).

Question 63

Who said that “If America has entered a secular, post-Christian era, [megachurches] have found a winning counterstrategy”?

Answer 63

Justin G. Wilford

Question 64

Why, according to Fowler (Blessed, 12), do megachurches appeal to boomers?

Answer 64

“spiritual wanderers whose comfort in big box establishments—university classrooms, corporate cubicles, and Wal-Mart aisles—predisposed them to church models that resembled these large institutional forms”

Question 65

"The _____ is the natural counterpart of the super-supermarket and the multiplex cinema"

Answer 65

"The superchurch is the natural counterpart of the super-supermarket and the multiplex cinema"

Question 66

Who/what said "The superchurch is the natural counterpart of the super-supermarket and the multiplex cinema"?

Answer 66

Time, 1991

Question 67

Name some coalitions/groups of the religious right.

Answer 67

Christian Coalition; Concerned Women for America; Focus on the Family; Promise Keepers.

Question 68

When was Jerry Falwell's Moral Majority established?

Answer 68

1979

Question 69

How much money was the Moral Majority spending by 1981?

Answer 69

$6m

Question 70

"the great builders of our nation almost to a man have been _____, because _____ have the desire to build something"

Answer 70

"the great builders of our nation almost to a man have been Christians, because Christians have the desire to build something" (Pat Robertson, NYT, 1986)

Question 71

Who said that "the great builders of our nation almost to a man have been Christians, because Christians have the desire to build something", and when?

Answer 71

"the great builders of our nation almost to a man have been Christians, because Christians have the desire to build something" (Pat Robertson, NYT, 1986)

Question 72

On 9/11: "all of them who have tried to _____ America, I point the finger in their face and say, 'You helped this happen'"

Answer 72

"all of them who have tried to secularise America, I point the finger in their face and say, 'You helped this happen'"

Question 73

Who, after 9/11, said this: "all of them who have tried to secularise America, I point the finger in their face and say, 'You helped this happen'"?

Answer 73

Falwell

Question 74

When did Amy Coney Barnett join the Supreme Court?

Answer 74

27 October 2020

Question 75

What percentage of Americans claimed to believe in God in a 1985 poll?

Answer 75

95%

Question 76

What percentage of Americans in 1985 belonged to an organised religious group?

Answer 76

65%

Question 77

What percentage of Americans in 1985 attended church in any given week?

Answer 77

40% (Gillespie, Michael, and Michael Lienesch, 1988. ‘Religion and the Resurgence of Conservatism’, 1998)

Question 78

How was religion 'secularized'?

Answer 78

US religions embraced modern consumer culture, using modern progress in a ‘secularization of religion’ (exploitation of Christian authority?)