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Modern Church (16th-20th Centuries) > American Presbyterian History > Flashcards

American Presbyterian History Flashcards

1
Q

Why did the Cumberland Presbyterians leave the American Presbyterian church in the 19th century?

A

Objected to predestination and believed that Calvinism erases human responsibility

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2
Q

When and where was the first presbytery founded in America?

A

Presbytery of Philadelphia in 1706

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3
Q

First General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the USA?

A

1789

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4
Q

When did the Westminster Divines gather at Westminster Abbey?

A

1643-1649

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5
Q

Who is the father of Scottish Presbyterianism?

A

John Knox

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6
Q

Who were the Covenanters in America?

A

Early History
- Forefathers of the RPCNA.
- They signed to National Covenant to resist Catholicism and Anglicanism in Scotland in favor of Presbyterianism
- Some of those who went to America as they were being persecuted

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7
Q

When do Covenanters become a separate denomination in Presbyterianism?

A

1798…
Though first congregation was 1743

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8
Q

Who was the Associate Presbyterian Church?

A
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9
Q

When was the ARP founded?

A

1782… Made up of Associate Presbyterians and some Covenanters as well

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10
Q

What was unique about the mainstream American Presbyterian church in its early days?

A

Did not have Old World connections… Became at initiative of New World ministers

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11
Q

Who is known as the father of American Presbyterianism?

A

Francis Makemie…. Advocated and worked to establish a Presbyterian church in the New World
- Studied at University of Glasgow
- Ordained by Presbytery of Laggan in 1681
- In 1684, established Presbyterian congregation in Snow Hill, MD….

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12
Q

Who was Jedidiah Andrews?

A

Responsible for bringing many to the American Presbyterian church. Worked with Makemie. Died in 1747

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13
Q

When was the first Synod of the American Presbyterian church?

A

1717 in Philadelphia, as three presbyteries existed.

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14
Q

Who was William Tennent Sr.?

A

Founded the Log College in Bucks County, PA, where they trained students for pastoral work

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15
Q

Gilbert Tennent?

A

1703-1764
- Revivalist like preacher, wanting to preach the terrors of the law.
- Against the Old School, he preached “The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry”
- Experiential Piety

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16
Q

Who advocated for subscription in the 1720s?

A

John Thomson

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17
Q

When was the question subscription first before a synod?

A

1729 with the Adopting Act

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18
Q

Who was John Witherspoon?

A

Sole minister to sign the Declaration of Independence and an American Presbyterian. President of the College of New Jersey

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19
Q

What ethnic group(s) provided for much growth in early American Presbyterianism?

A

Scottish and Irish

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20
Q

When was the first General Assembly?

A

In 1789, where the church became known as the Presbyterian Church in the USA

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21
Q

When was the founding of Princeton Theological Seminary?

A

1812, with the first professor being Archibald Alexander

22
Q

What was the Plan of Union?

A

A plan proposed in 1801 for cooperation between Congregations and Presbyterians for to cooperate in emerging congregations.
- Lasted until 1837 General Assembly, when the Old School and the New School split.

23
Q

When did the Old School and the New School in the North form the Presbyterian Church in the USA and reunite?

A

1869

24
Q

When did the Old School and the New School in the South form the Presbyterian Church in the U.S?

A

1864

25
Q

Who was Sheldon Jackson?

A

Elected to the GA of the Presbyterian Church in the USA in 1897. Was a missionary to the western US.

26
Q

When was the Origin of Species published and what was its effect on Northern Presbyterians in years to come?

A

Published in 1859. Many were sympathetic. Became a matter of denominational pride. Signaled the denomination’s willingness to be progressive in a whole host of areas

27
Q

Who was Charles A. Briggs?

A

Advocate for Presbyterian progress. Professor at Union Theological Seminary in the 19th century
- Adopted critical approach to the Bible
- Advocated doctrinal indifference.
- Eventually found guilty for heresy in 1893

28
Q

When were revisions made to the Westminster Confession of Faith and what were they?

A

In 1903, the northern church added chapters on The Holy Spirit and The Love of God and Missions. In 16.7, the works of the unregenerate are said to be “praiseworthy”
- In 1939, the southern Presbyterians began to do revisions on language. In 1942, chapters were added on the Gospel and The Holy Spirit. In 1959 they rewrote the chapter on Marriage and Divorce

29
Q

When did the Cumberland Presbyterian Church reunite with northern Presbyterians?

A

1906, on the hills of a softer stance on Calvinism

30
Q

What is the Portland Deliverance?

A

In 1892, conservatives in the north affirmed reaffirmed essential doctrines like innerancy, the virgin birth, the vicarious atonement, the resurrection, and the supernatural character of Christ’s work.

31
Q

What was the “Philadelphia Plan”?

A

In 1920, it was an overture for Protestant Church union.
- Christianity and Liberalism (1923) was written with much of this in view
- The plan did fail, but it still had much support

32
Q

Who was Harry Emerson Fosdick?

A

Fosdick was a liberal Baptist who did pulpit supply at First Presbyterian Church in New York City.
- Famous for preaching “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?” in 1922. Plea for tolerance
-

33
Q

What is the Auburn Affirmation?

A

In 1924, response from modernists in the church saying that the five fundamentals were merely theories on the Bible’s message.
- Had 1,300 signatures
- No action taken against signers.

34
Q

William Jennings Bryan?

A

20th century figure who was a leading fundamentalist. Helped outlaw alcohol. Opposed Darwinism

35
Q

When was Westminster Philly founded and why?

A

In 1929 by Machen as a response to the liberal turn of Princeton Seminary, as two signers of the Auburn Affirmation joined the board.

36
Q

Who is Robert Speer?

A

Senior Secretary of the Board of Foreign Missions. Was not willing to condemn the modernist views on missions, although a conservative.

37
Q

What was the Mandate of 1934?

A

The mandate of 1934 was issued by Clerk Lewis Mudge to force ministers from being members of the Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions. In 1935, Machen would be convicted and suspended from ministry.

38
Q

When was the OPC founded?

A

1936 under the name Presbyterian Church of America, though changed in 1939 to Orthodox Presbyterian Church

39
Q

When was the Bible Presbyterian Church founded?

A

Split off from the OPC in 1937 and formed in 1938, having more fundamentalists leanings.
- Many were premillinialist, abstinence from alcohol, and had diferent polity.
- Had a more New School impulse

40
Q

When was the UPCNA founded and what was its founding document?

A

The Testimony of 1858

41
Q

What is the Confessional Statement of 1925?

A

A statement adopted by the UPCA that loosened the Calvinist doctrines and made psalmody no longer exclusive

42
Q

When did the PC in the USA join with the UPCNA?

A

1958 and became known as the United Presbyterian Church in the USA

43
Q

What is the Confession of 1967?

A

An expression of Reformed theology done by the mainline church, which placed the Westminster Confession among other confessions. Said that no single creed could produce the Reformed faith as they are all historically conditioned.

44
Q

When was the PCA founded?

A

1973

45
Q

Who was Samuel Hopkins?

A

He was the foremost speaker for the New Light Movement (Hopskinsianism). Mentored by Edwards

46
Q

When was the Evangelical Presbyterian Church founded?

A

1981
- Adopted a modern language version of the Westminster Confession of Faith
- Left freedom on things like worship style, women’s ordination, charismatic gifts…

47
Q

When did the United Presbyterians in the USA and and the PCUS merge?

A

1983…. Became the PC(USA)

48
Q

When did the RPCES join the PCA?

A

1982

49
Q

When did the OPC almost join the PCA?

A

In 1982, but was thought to be too militant in its Calvinism. And then in 1986, when the OPC thought that the PCA is too evangelical.

50
Q

When was the Presbyterian Church in the US (Confederates) founded?

A

In 1861, with Benjamin Palmer as its first moderator.Happened after the Gardner Springs Resolution where the church proclaimed allegiance to the federal government in the war

51
Q

Who was Robert Lewis Dabney?

A

Dates: 1820-1898
- Confederate Army chaplain who was part of the Presbyterian Church in the US
- Founded Austin School of Theology
- Avid supporter of the South

52
Q

Who was James Henry Thornwell?

A

Dates: 1812-1862
- Played a large role in establishing the Presbyterian Church in the Confederate States of America

Modern Church (16th-20th Centuries) (5 decks)

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