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A Level > American Independence Facts > Flashcards

American Independence Facts Flashcards

0
Q

When was the French and Indian War/7 years War?

A

1756-1763

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1
Q

Who founded America

A

Joint-Stock companies

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2
Q

When was the proclamation line drawn and how many soldiers sent to protect it?

A

1763 - 10,000 British soldiers

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3
Q

British National debt in 1756 and 1763?

A

£75 mil to £133 mil

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4
Q

Interest and government revenue at end of 7 years War

A

Interest £4.4 mil Gov. revenue £8 mil

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5
Q

Cost of colonial administration 1748 and 1763

A

1748 - £70,000

1763 - £350,000

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6
Q

When was the Peace of Paris?

A

1763

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7
Q

5 consequences of the 7 year war

A

Britain world’s greatest empire
Colonists well trained soldiers
Tensions between brit and American soldiers
Land beyond Appalachians up for grabs
Eliminates colonists’ dependency on British protection

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8
Q

1763 difference in tax

A

England - 26 shillings per year

America - 1 shilling

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9
Q

Balance of trade in 1713 and 1760

A

1713 - £50,000

1760 - £2 million

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10
Q

What year was the Hat Act

A

1732

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11
Q

What year was the Molasses Act

A

1733

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12
Q

When was paper money prohibited

A

1765

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13
Q

When was the Stamp Act

A

1765

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14
Q

When did the House of Commons question Ben Franklin?

A

1766

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15
Q

When was the Declaratory Act

A

1766

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16
Q

When did Pitt replace Rockingham as PM

A

July 1766

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17
Q

When were Townshend duties imposed and how much money would they have earned?

A

May 1767 - £40,000

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18
Q

When was the New York Restraining Act?

A

March 1767

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19
Q

When was the MA circular letter written?

A

Feb 1768

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20
Q

When did the Economic boycott against Brit begin?

A

1768

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21
Q

When did Sons of Liberty gain control of Boston?

A

Summer 1768

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22
Q

When was John Wilkes imprisoned?

A

1768

23
Q

When did the first British troops arrive in Boston? How many?

A

September 1768

600 troops

24
Q

What was the date of the Boston Massacre?

A

February 22nd 1770 - 11 year old boy killed. 5,000 attend funeral

25
Q

When were the Townshend duties repealed?

A

1770 except tea

26
Q

When was the committee of correspondence founded?

A

1771

27
Q

Population of colonies 1730 and 1760

A

1730 - 0.6 mill

1760 - 1.6 mill

28
Q

Imports from Britain 1771 -1774

A

£9 million

29
Q

When did Governors and judges start getting paid from the crown in MA?

A

1772

30
Q

When was the Tea Act introduced?

A

1773

31
Q

When was the Boston Tea Party?

A

16th December 1773

60 Sons of Liberty men board the three ships and dump £10,00 worth of tea into the harbour

32
Q

When did Parliament pass the Coercive Acts?

A

1774

33
Q

What were the coercive acts?

A

Boston Port Act - Closed Boston to all trade until Tea paid for
Mass. Governor Act - gov. appoints his officials. He allows meetings
Impartial administration of Justice Act
Quartering Act

34
Q

When was the Quebec Act passed and what did it do?

A

June 1774
Authority in hands of gov. Without elected Assembly. Limited trial by jury
Quebec boundary extended into Ohio and Mississippi rivers to ‘check’ colonial expansion

35
Q

When was the Battle of Lexington and Concord?

A

19th April 1775
70 minutemen block 700 soldiers’ way (trying to seize rebel arms and arrest leaders of Provincial Congress)
8 colonists killed. Continue to Concord, destroy military stores and head back, ambushed.
273 British casualties. America only lose 92 men.

36
Q

When do 20,000 New England militia besiege Boston?

A

2 weeks after battle of Lexington and Concord

37
Q

When did the Second Continental Congreve meet?

A

10th May 1775 in Philadelphia with 65 delegates from all colonies

38
Q

What was the quota imposed on all colonies for raising a Continental Army?

A

20,000 men

39
Q

Who was appointed as commander of the Continental Army and why?

A

George Washington. From Virginia (southerner) in charge of mainly New England Army, cement colonial unity. Also a wealthy planter therefore discourages radicalism. Looks the part.

40
Q

When did Congress adopt a Declaration of the Causes and Necessities of Taking up Arms?

A

6th July 1775

41
Q

When was the Olive Branch petition adopted?

A

8th July 1775

42
Q

When did George III declare all colonies in a state of rebellion?

A

23rd August 1775

43
Q

When was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

17th June 1775

44
Q

How many British deaths in Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

1000/2500 men. Eighth of total British officers killed in entire conflict die in this battle.
American casualties less than half of that.
Shock to Britain, too great a loss to justify victory

45
Q

When did Washington take command of the American army?

A

July 1775

Had 15,000 poorly trained troops. Massive re-shuffle. Ranking. Flogging.

46
Q

When was greatest British inaction?

A

1775-1776

47
Q

When did Americans retreat from their invasion of Canada?

A

January 1776

48
Q

When did Lord Dunmore issue a proclamation promising freedom to loyalist slaves who fled their masters to fight?

A

November 1775

49
Q

When were British forces in the South defeated?

A

February 1776

50
Q

When did Howe’s British army evacuate Boston?

A

17th March 1776

Evacuate to Halifax, Nova Scotia, Britain’s main naval base

51
Q

When was common sense first published, by who, and how many copies sold?

A

January 1776
Thomas Paine
120,000 copies

52
Q

When did Congress debate Virginia’s proposal for independence for all colonies?

A

8th June 1776

Unanimity needed, support of middle colonies

53
Q

Who were the committee members tasked with writing the draft Declaration of Independence?

A

Jefferson, John Adams, Franklin, Sherman, Livingston

54
Q

What was the main theory of John Locke

A

Natural rights to life, Liberty and property. Right therefore to change government.

55
Q

On 1st of July which states in congress voted against of abstained the question of independence?

A

South Carolina and Pennsylvania voted against
Delaware split
New York abstained

56
Q

When was the Declaration of Independence passed through Congress and when was it adopted by Congress?

A

2nd July 1776 - 12 out of 13 colonies support

4th July 1776 - Congress Adopts Declaration of Independence

A Level (29 decks)

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